Scrubbing hands prior to putting on sterile gloves is required. There are several acceptable methods but the key components are to use an antiseptic soap and to scrub all surfaces of the fingers, hands, wrists and arms up to the elbows. The dedicated surgical suites operated by University Animal Care have specific procedures which must be followed which relate to staff preparation and traffic flow. However, whenever and wherever a major survival surgery on "higher" warm-blooded vertebrate animals occurs, a surgical cap, face mask, sterile gloves and sterile gown must be worn! Rodent and cold-blooded vertebrate survival surgery requires a cap, mask, and sterile gloves, but a clean scrub top may be substituted for the sterile gown.