The socioeconomic vitality of rural America is linked to a number of key elements, including a core set of demographic, educational, and economic forces. Following are the most current indicators of social and economic conditions in rural areas, for use in developing policies and programs to assist rural people and their communities. In addition, two sectors that are emerging as important factors shaping the economic complexion of rural America are given special attention in this year’s report: creative occupations and ethanol-based industries.