Social Security Act for certain children with disabilities if their families have low incomes and minimal assets. Social Security benefits may be paid under Title II of the act to the children of workers who have retired, become disabled, or died. An estimated 30,000 children receive SSI or other Social Security benefits while in foster care. Federal regulations require that in most cases the Social Security Administration (SSA) select and assign a representative payee — an individual, organization, or government entity — that manages SSI and Social Security payments for children, including those in foster care. Nearly all states designated as the representative payee for a foster child use the child’s benefits as a funding stream for child welfare spending. In Washington State Department of Social and Health Services v. Guardianship Estate of Keffeler (hereafter Keffeler), the Supreme Court held that the process used by the state of Washington to keep the Social Security benefits received as a child’s representative payee was not prohibited by the Social Security Act. The Court also concluded that the use of funds for reimbursement for foster care services was consistent with the act’s provisions that such funds be spent for the “use and benefit of the beneficiary” and within the regulatory definition of “current maintenance” (i.e., food, clothing, shelter, medical care, and personal comfort items).