In earlier research, we established that the nation's most important survey of labor-market activity ― the Current Population Survey (CPS) ― may be systematically missing a large share of nonemployed adults.1 According to our estimates, based on a comparison of responses to the 2000 Decennial Census and corresponding months of the CPS, the undercounting of non-employed workers in the CPS raises the measured employment rate for adults in the CPS by about 1.4 percentage points. If our estimate is correct, the official employment rate for June 2006, for example, would have been 64.8 percent rather than the 66.2 percent reported by the BLS (2006:Table A-1). Since employment typically falls 1.5 to 2.0 percentage points in a recession, the magnitude of this measurement problem is of substantial economic significance. In this paper, we provide additional estimates of the impact of undercounting in the CPS. For the most recent period where the analysis is possible, we produce estimates of the impact of the undercounting of the non-employed on national poverty rates and health-insurance coverage. More importantly, since the problems with undercounting appear to have become more severe over time, especially over the last decade, we also report simple estimates of the impact on employment rates of this deterioration in the representativeness of the CPS over time. Our findings suggest that undercounting in the CPS has a substantial impact on our national measures of employment, poverty, and health-insurance coverage, and that the extent of the impact is likely to be growing over time.