Child care subsidies have the potential to support parents’ employment and children’s development. A growing body of research tells us what parent employment outcomes are associated with the use of child care subsidies, how employment patterns and decisions differ for various subgroups of parents, and whether child care subsidies appear to make more difference for certain subgroups. The issue is explored in a Research Brief, a Literature Review, and a Table of Methods and Findings. This is the second package in a series on child care subsidies that also includes an Introduction to the field.