THE THEODORE HUFF MEMORIAL FILM SOCIETY
Program for Tuesday Jane 22nd., 7.30 p.m., at Sturgis-Grant Studios, 322 East 44th St., New York
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With this show, we're glad to welcome you to our new quarters, which are far and away the best
w
e have occupied since we started out, as a small group, at Film Counsellors some years ago.
Here we have an attractive projection room, neat and business-like, and - essential in the
Summer months before us - air-conditioned. 322 East 44th Street is five or six minutes' walk
from Grand Central Station, and a 42nd Street cross-town bus will land you within two blooks
of our location. (We are between First and Second Avenues). Our new headquarters should prove
much more comfortable to our members than our old; to us they are more convenient in that all
the projection equipment is already installed, and does not have to be transported back and
forth. We have more room and pleasanter surroundings, and this too should help to create a
more enjoyable social atmosphere. But, like all good things, it has to be paid for. Our
running expenses per show will be literally doubled. Naturally, we have no intention of
raising our admission price -- but we do ask the support of our members in maintaining a good
turnout for each show. ln recent weeks, the audiences have been good - and as long as we can
maintain a good hard core of 50 people at each show, we should be able to break even. As we
have pointed out before, the society is quite literally run solely for the benefit of the
members. And too, we are anxious to retain our status as a small group, genuinely interested
in film, rather than a large group, only casually interested. So, once again, the existence of
the society under increased costs depends wholly on the continued interest and support of
our members.
One last point: our projection room is also used occasionally as a film studio, and fire
regulations are strict. One of the clauses in our agreement stipulates a "No Smoking" ruling.
We are sure that this won't cause our members any undue concern, especially as there is
nothing more irritating than columns of smoke swirling up in front of a screen in a smallish
projection room. Thank you - and we hope you like our opening show to "inaugurate" our new
home.
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GRETA GARBO - MARLENE DIETRICH - HEDY LAMAAR
A trio of early European films
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DIE FREUDLOSE GASSE (THE JOYLESS STREET) Germany, 1925. Directed by G.W. Pabst, from a
novel by Hugo Bettauer. Scenario by Willi Haas. Designs Sohnle,
Erdmann; photography: Seeber, Oertel, Lach. With Asta Nielsen, Greta
Garbo, Robert Garrison, Henry Stuart, Agnes Esterhasy, Tamara, Jaro
Furth, Werner Krauss, Valeaka Gert, Grigor Chmara.
As we go to press we have seen only one third of this 45 minute condensation; hence we cannot
say just what material has been deleted, but we can state that it is a fine print, and differs
from that circulated by the Museum of Modern Art. It also has English titles. So much has
been written about the film, one of the most famous silents directed by G.W. Pabst, that
detailed comment here seems superfluous. Certainly it was one of the best of its genre -
though oddly enough, probably the best was D.W. Griffith's masterly "Isn't Life Wonderful?",
produced in Germany some time before the German industry itself began producing these defeatist street sagas en masse. Those of our members who saw the Griffith film at the Museum recently,
will recognise immediately the very great influence that his work had on Pabst in the making
of "The Joyless Street". From Siegfried Kracauer's "From Caligari to Hitler", we select the
following comments at random: Real life was Pabst's true concern ... he once said in
conversations "What need is there for romantic treatment? Real life is too romantic, too
ghastly" ....the film (soon) won fame in Germany and abroad ... Pabst's unhesitating realism
in depicting this decline (of Vienna during the inflation) shocked his contemporaries .....
versions released (in other countries) were considerably mutilated ...The ruin of the
bourgeois family is portrayed with a social consciousness that transforms it into a typical
case.... Asta Nielsen as the kept woman demonstrates that uncompromising love is likely to
perish in a society in which marketable goods supplant the essentials ... the ghastliness of
this world is displayed in scenes that seem to record unstaged events .... Pabst "let his
characters unfold their plight without the inquisitional rack".
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MANON LESCAUT UFA, l926. Directed by Arthur Robison, sets by Paul Lea. Adapted from the
tragic/ romance by Abbe Prevost, and the opera by Massenet.
The Cast: Manon Lescaut (LYA DE PUTTI): Des Grieux (Vladimir Gaidarow); Micheline (Marlene
Dietrich); Marshal Des Grieux (Eduard Rothauser); Marquis de Bli (Fritz Greiner); The Son of
de Bli (Hubert Von Meyerinck); Manon's aunts (Frida Richard, Emilie Kurs); Susanne (Lydia
Potechina); Tiberge (Theodora Loos); Lescaut (Sigfried Arno); Claire (Trude Hesterberg).
While "Mason Lescaut" is admittedly not a great film, it is a thoroughly fascinating one and,
today, a very rare one. Our print, supplied by Capt. George Mitchell, may well be the only 16mm
copy in existence, since it was blown up from a 9.5 print. Primarily the film is interesting as
an example of the collaboration of directors Arthur Robison ("Warning Shadows") and Paul Leni ("Waxworks", "The Cat and the Canary"). Leni had a fine gift for set designing, and his is
probably the more important contribution to the film - the reconstructions of Paris streets and
docks, of mansions and gaming houses, and especially of a prison for women, are really
remarkable. The involved story is condensed quite ably into three reels, although inevitably
it takes a little following, especially in the actionful climax. Subtitles are in French.
Dietrich's role is small, but important - and a far-sighted director took pains to include a
scene in which the famous legs could be displayed! Lya de Putti here was at the height of her
popularity in Germany, made the role of Manon, with its stress on torrid love scenes, was
ideally suited to her particular talents, demonstrated so ably a little earlier in "Variety".
The same year that "Manon Lescaut" was made, Lya journeyed to America to appear in Griffith's
"The Sorrows of Satan", "God Gave me Twenty Cents", and other pictures for First National,
Paramount and Universal. Later too, she appeared with Lars Hansen in the British version of
"The Informer".
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"EXTASE" 1932-3, Czechoslovakia. Written and directed by Gustav Machaty for Elekta Film
Slavia. Photography: G. Stalick. Art Director: A. Chemel
Starring HEM LAMARR withs Andre Knox, Pierre Nay, R. Rogos.
(Note: Albert Mog and Leopold Kramer appeared in the Czech
version only; the "Eddy Heisler" referred to in the credits
of the film is, of course, Hedy Keisler!
If ever a film existed that needed no introduction at all, "EXTASE" is that film. Ever since
the film's production, it has been engulfed in a storm of controversy concerning (a) its
alleged notoriety, and (b) its legal ownership. The legal matters were, in fact, settled only
last month when the lawyers finally decreed that Machaty himself did own all rights. As for
its notoriety, this has been sparked constantly through the years by censorship squabbles over
reissues, and rehashings of the old stories concerning Fritz Mandl's attempts to buy up all the
prints following his marriage to Hedy, and his failure to pry one loose from Mussolini!
Despite all this, the film's somewhat doubtful reputation is quite undeserved. The film's one
really strong sex sequence - the beautifully handled seduction episode - is scarcely ever
mentioned. The nudity sequence remains in the foreground, only one assumes, because LaMarr was
the protagonist. It is quite a short sequence, and one that Machaty hardly inserted for purely "exploitation" reasons.
Nudity in film is actually far more common than is generally supposed - even in
the American cinema, though primarily in the silent period of course. Yet several semi-nude
shots of Maria Alba in the recently reissued talkie "Mr. Robinson Crusoe" raised not a murmer,
and one never hears mentioned the two or three reels of nude material in Fedor Ozep's "Amok". (Admittedly, the film is banned here in America, but it has been widely shown all over Europe,
including England). Machaty's films were, it is true, somewhat preoccupied with sex, and they
were often highly erotic in a luxurious and stylised way (especially his German film "Nocturne",
a little gem of eroticism!) but they approached pornography and suggestiveness much less than
such current American films as "Man on a Tightrope", "Carnival Story" and others, which seem
wholly preoccupied with over-suggestive and shallow adolescent sex.
"EXTASE" is quite certainly a leader in that rare (and now obsolete) classification, the
film-poems. Photographically it is superb, though possibly a little dated now in its concern with
cutting for cutting's sake, and in its continual symbolism. Writing about it in "The Film Till
Now", Paul Rotha remarks: "Perhaps the only Czech film of the period to achieve a reputation
outside its land of origin was Gustav Machaty's extraordinary "Extase" which unhappily became
known more for its shots of Hedy Lemarr in the nude than for its very real qualities of good
film-making. It reveals a powerful yet deeply sensitive approaoh to the psychological study of
a sex-frustrated young wife. With much of its action shot in natural surroundings, Machaty's
direction was as good as anything being made in Europe in the thirties. His use of editing to
build up moments of high tension, such as the automobile drive to the level-crossing, his sense
of movement and embolism and his very delicate handling of situations that could easily have
became laughable, put him with the best directors or the period. Its attempt to create a sound
track which would be easily translatable for international markets by having only one sequence in
direct synchronous speech is worth analysis, as indeed was its ingenious use of off-screen sound.
The photography was superb".
(Continued on page three)
Our print is silent, which matters hardly at all, although the original did have a rather lovely
musical score. Dramatically, the film needs no dialogue and in fact had almost none. Even the
two or three subtitles (in English and Dutch) on our print are quite unnecessary. Incidentally,
this print, which is of French origin, is one of the best and most complete that we have ever
seen, either here or in Europe. Most prints in theatrical distribution are poor, grainy dupes -
ours is clear and sparkling throughout.
During the years, varying versions of "Extase" have appeared on varying markets. The need for a separate French version has never seemed abundantly clear, inasmuch as dialogue was non-existent
to a great degree, and the French names supplied were not boxoffice names anyway. However, for
the record it is worth noting that the French male lead has a pronounced Gallic leer as opposed to
the sympathetic smile of the Czech original! Colleague Herman G. Weinberg assures us that in
one version Miss L. was also nude in the cabin love scene - but frankly this seems unlikely, and
none of the versions we have seen lend credence to this belief, fascinating though it is. When
the redoubtable Sam Cummins released the film in the U.S. through Jewel Productions, he
added a "true confession" type narration, and shot additional scenes of a girl in a two-piece bathing
suit to be spliced in with the other bathing footage to pacify the censors into the belief that
the girl was perfectly normally attired. For non-censordhip states, Mr. Cummins shot further
nude footage to pad the sequence, overdoing things a little however by filming two nymphs
disporting themselves in the woods! Yet another version has a strange epilogue in which the
heroine rushes, in silhouette, to meet her lover - the presence of a substantial baby and other
items suggesting attainment of married bliss!
Our version is quite faithful to the original, and only four scenes are missing:
1) During the swimming an inconsequential medium shot of Hedy floating
2) The sequences of the mating of the horses
3) A brief superimposed flashback of the husband killing a bee (the original shot is there,
also the sequence over which the flashback is usually superimposed)
4) An involved shot of water dripping from a pump into a barrel - said shot being taken from
below water level in the barrel!
On the other hand, the print includes some shots that we have never seen before in any versions;
some scenes of flies struggling on a fly-paper, intercut with the husband's suicide.
Machaty's other films of the same period included "From Saturday to Sunday" (1931), the afore-mentioned "Nocturne", "Reka" and "Fred Maturiton", all of which, like "Extase", made extensive
use of natural backgrounds. In the early forties, Machaty came to the United States where his
output was incredibly minute. One or two excellent "Crime Does Not Pay" shorts for MGM
were followed by his only American feature, "Jealousy". An odd, neurotic sort of film, it was
again a strong sex drama - this time with trimmings of melodrama and murder - filmed in the same stylised manner as "Extase". Machaty surrounded himself with old European confreres (Hugo
Haas, Nils Asthers, Hans Eisler), and although it emerged as one of the most interesting "B" films
ever made for Republic, it was largely ignored.
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COMMITTEE OF THE FILM SOCIETY: Charles Turner (Chairman); Herman G. Weinberg;
Warren G. Rothenberger; Robert G. Youngson; Dorothy Lovell (Secretary); Richard Kraft; William
K. Everson (Program Notes & Enquiries).
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OUR NEXT PROGRAM - TUESDAY JULY 6th., at 7.30.
VICTOR SEASTROM'S "'THE SCARLET LETTER" (MGM, 1926) starring LILLIAN GISH, LARS HANSON and HENRY B. WALTHALL, with Karl Dams. Nine reels
CARL DREYER'S "THE SEVENTH AGE" (1946) A moving little documentary from one of the most
individual of all. movie-makers. Two reels.
MACK SENNETT's "SKYLARKING" - an outstanding early Sennett, with a wonderful assortment of
stars and gags. One reel. |
THE THEODORE HUFF MEMORIAL FILM SOCIETY June 22. 1954
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"EXTASE"
Following our program notes on the above film, with the remark that the
existence of a second nude sequence seemed unlikely, an urgent memorandum
was received from Herman G. Weinberg. Since in such matters Mr. Weinberg's
word is law, we reprint his comments intact for the record:--
"I just read your program notes on "Extase" and you made it seem as if my
allegation that in one version Miss Lamarr was also nude in the cabin scene,
was the result of wish-fulfillment on my part.
Witnout necessarily denying that as a possibility, the fact is (which
you omitted to state) that the man who told me he saw it was a Czech, now
living in New York, who was co-producer of "The Golem" made by Duvivier in
Prague and who knew Machaty very well and who saw the scene as described with
his own eyes. Or so he claims. It could be that he too, was a mesmerised
victim of wish-fulfillment, before me. Anyway, his name for the record is
Frank Kassler and I will be glad to produce him to the Film Society as
proof, should it be required of me. Maybe it's like the Hindu rope-trick.
No one has actually ever even it. Many however, know others who have seen it.
will you mention this to the members at the night of the showing - in partial
vindication of my not wishing to "pull the Film Society's leg" - as the saying
goes?".
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Further second thoughts on the program notes for "Extase":
We were a little conservative in stating that only four scenes were missing
from our print. A letter examination showed other minor deletions here and
there - fragments of the storm sequence for example. But none of the key
material is affected in any way, and it's usually just a matter of a few
odd frames that are missing.
Finally, our reference to a "strange epilogue" was perhaps worded rather
badly, and we seem to have unwittingly created the impression that this was
one of Mr. Cummins' brain-storms. Actually it was in the original Czech
version (and in the English prints too) and was definitely made by Machaty.
It showed Lamarr fondling a child at the end, in an allegoric-symbolic scene
glorifying the ageless and universal ecstasy of motherhood.
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