See also the Objectivism Reference Center page on Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical

Introduction    1                                                                                                                   

Rand Scholarship: Problems and Perspectives  3
The Study in Brief  9
Dialectics and Dualism  14

Part One: The Process of Becoming  21

Chapter 1:  Synthesis in Russian Culture   23
The Character of Russian Philosophy 25
The Slavophiles  26
The Impact of Vladimir Solovyov  29
The Silver Age  31
The Influence of Nietzsche in Russia  31
Neo-Idealism and the Russian Religious Renaissance  35
Russian Marxism  37

Chapter 2:  Lossky, the Teacher   41
An Extraordinary Life  42
Lossky's Philosophy: An Eclectic Synthesis  45
Lossky and Aristotle  48
Lossky's Epistemology  53
The World as an Organic Whole  56

Chapter 3: Educating Alissa   66
The Early Years  68
The Stoiunin Gymnasium  69
The Crimean Gymnasium  71
A Revolution in Education  72
Majoring in History  77
Minoring in Philosophy  82
Lossky and Rand  84
A Reign of Terror  91
Coming to America  93

Chapter 4: The Maturation of Ayn Rand   96
Novelist and Philosopher  96
Digesting the Past  97
We the Living  99
A "Nietzschean" Phase?  100
The Fountainhead  106
Early Nonfiction  112
Atlas Shrugged  113
The Public Philosopher  117

Part Two: The Revolt against Dualism 123

Chapter 5: Being 125
The Rejection of Cosmology  129
Axiomatic Concepts  134
Ontology and Logic  138
The Entity as a Cluster of Qualities  143
The Metaphysical versus the Man-Made 147
Rand versus Kant  149

Chapter 6: Knowing 154
Rejecting Epistemological Dualism  154
Perception  160
Volition and Focus  164
Reason  166
Abstraction and Conception  168
Internal Relations Revisited  174

Chapter 7: Reason and Emotion 179
The Nature of Emotions  180
Branden's Critique  186
The Conscious and the Subconscious  189
Psychological Integration  195

Chapter 8:  Art, Philosophy, and Efficacy    202
The Function of Art   204
The Function of Philosophy  210
The Will to Efficacy   215
Rationalism and Empiricism   217
Rand and Hayek  222

Chapter 9: Ethics and Human Survival   230   
Beyond Fact and Value   230
Life and Value   236
Rationality and Virtue   243
Productive Work   246
The Virtue of Selfishness  248
Love and Sex   252
Eudaemonia   256
Morality and Moralizing  260

Chapter 10: A Libertarian Politics  266
The Individual and Society  267
Force  270
Individual Rights  273
Anarchy and Government  278
Capitalism  283

Part Three: The Radical Rand  295

Chapter 11: Relations of Power 297
Master and Slave  300
A Linguistic Turn   311
The Antirational Culture  319

Chapter 12: The Predatory State   330
The Mixed Economy   330
Economic Dislocation   332
Social Fragmentation   341
Racism   343
Conservatism versus Liberalism  348

Chapter 13:  History and Resolution  352
Attila versus the Witch Doctor  352
The Primacy of Philosophy   356
"What Can One Do?"   363
The Objectivist Society  365
God-Builder?   369
The Communitarian Impulse  372

Epilogue   380
Notes    385
References   439
Index  457

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