G53.2324: Campaigns and Elections
G53.2324: Campaigns and Elections
Professor Jonathan Nagler
Spring, 2001
Office: 269 Mercer, Room 808 Phone: 992-9676
This course will examine the major theories of voting in
U.S. elections, as well as the evidence for those theories. We will
start with models of political socialization, then consider what could
be considered its primary competitor: the standard spatial model of
voting. We then consider the role of information in elections: how
voters acquire it, how they process it, and how it influences them. We
also consider the effects of the economy on elections: looking both at
standard reward-punishment models voters could follow, as well as more
modern political-economy variants considering the macro-economy more
completely. We examine the roll of campaign spending. And we look
at political participation and voter turnout.
This syllabus is intended as an outline of the course. It is subject
to change depending upon how the class proceeds. It is your
responsibility to attend class and keep abreast of changes.
Required Reading:
Alesina, Alberto, Nouriel Roubini Gerald D. Cohen. 1997.
Political Cycles and the Macroeconomy. Cambridge: Massachussetts
Institute of Technology Press, ISBN: 0262011611.
Alvarez, R. Michael. 1997. Information and Elections. Revised
1st edition ed. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, ISBN:
0472085751.
Campbell, Angus, Philip E. Converse, Warren E. Miller Donald
E. Stokes. 1960. The American Voter. Chicago, Illinois:
University of Chicago Press, ISBN: 0226092542.
Cox, Gary. 1997. Making Votes Count: Strategic
Coordination in the World's Electoral System. Cambridge University
Press. ISBN: 0521585279.
Hinich, Melvin J. and Michael C. Munger. 1997.
Analytical Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN:
0521565677.
Nie, Norman H., Sidney Verba John R. Petrocik. 1979.
The Changing American Voter: Enlarged Edition.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman Schlozman Henry E. Brady. 1995.
Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Wolfinger, Raymond E. Steven J. Rosenstone. 1980.
Who Votes?
New Haven: Yale University Press.
Week I through III: Early (Psychological Attachment) Models
of Voting
- Campbell, Angus, Philip E. Converse, Warren E. Miller
Donald E. Stokes. 1960. The American
Voter. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press,
ISBN: 0226092542, selections.
- Chapter 2) Theoretical Orientation
- Chapter 3) Perceptions of the Parties and Candidates
- Chapter 4) Partisan Choice
- Chapters 6-10) Impact of Party ID, Ideology, Issues
- Chapters 12-14) Groups, Class, Economic Antecedents of Behavior
- Nie, Norman H., Sidney Verba John R. Petrocik.
1976. The Changing American Voter.
Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, ISBN: 0674108353,
(Bookstore - 11/19), selections.
- Chapters 6-9) New Issues, Conceptualization, Issue Consistency
- Chapter 10) Rise of Issue Voting
- Chapter 12) Issues and Parties
- Appendix 4 - Changing Party Identification
- MacKuen, Michael B., Robert S. Erikson James A. Stimson. 1989. ``Macropartisanship.''
American Political Science Review 83:1125-1142.
- Green, Donald Philip, Bradley Palmquist Eric
Shickler. 1998. ``Macropartisanship: A Replication and
Critique.'' American Political Science Review 92:883-899.
- Erikson, Robert S., Michael B. Mackuen James A. Stimson. 1998. ``What Moves Macropartisanship? A
Response to Green, Palmquist, and Schickler.'' American Political
Science Review 92:901-912.
Week IV: A Retrospective Model of Party Identification
- Fiorina, Morris. Retrospective Voting in American National
Elections. 1981. New Haven, Yale University Press.
Week V : The Spatial Model
- Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory Of
Democracy. New York, New York: Harper & Row.
- Chapters 1-8; especially chapter 8.
- Hinich, Melvin J. and Michael C. Munger. 1997. Analytical
Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 0521565677.
- Chapter 1: The analysis of Politics
- Chapter 2: The Spatial Model of Downs and Black:
One Policy Dimension;
- Chapter 3: Two Dimensions; Multiple Dimensions:
- Chapter 4: Multiple Dimensions
- Wright, Gerald C. Michael B. Berkman. 1986.
``Candidates and Policy in United States Senate Elections.''
American Political Science Review 80:567-588.
Week VI : Economic Voting
- Hibbs, Douglas A. 1982a. ``The Dynamics of
Political Support for American Presidents Among Occupational and
Partisan Groups.'' American Journal of Political Science
26:312-332.
- Hibbs, Douglas A. 1982c. ``On the Demand for
Economic Outcomes: Macroeconomic Performance and Mass Political
Support in the United States, Great Britain, and Germany.''
Journal of Politics 44:426-462.
- Erikson, Robert S. 1989. ``Economic Conditions and
the Presidential Vote.'' American Political Science Review
83:567-573.
- Kinder, Donald R. D. Roderick Kiewiet. 1981.
``Sociotropic Politics: The American Case.'' British
Journal of Political Science 11:129-161.
- MacKuen, Michael B., Robert S. Erikson James A.
Stimson. 1992. ``Peasants or Bankers? The American
Electorate Economy.'' American Political Science
Review 86:597-611.
Week VII : More Economic Voting
- Alesina, Alberto, Nouriel Roubini Gerald D. Cohen. 1997.
Political Cycles and the Macroeconomy.
Cambridge: Massachussetts Institute of Technology Press,
ISBN: 0262011611, (Bookstore - 11/19).
- Alvarez, R. Michael Jonathan Nagler. 1995.
``Economics, Issues, and the Perot Candidacy: Voter Choice
in the 1992 Election.'' American Journal of Political Science
39:714-744.
- Alvarez, R. Michael Jonathan Nagler. 1998.
``Economics, Entitlements and Social Issues:
Voter Choice in the 1996 Presidential Election,'' American
Journal of Political Science, forthcoming.
- Fearon, James D. 1999. ``Electoral Accountability and the Control
of Politicians: Selecting Good Types versus Sanctioning Poor
Performance.'' In Democracy, Accountability, and Representation,
ed. Adam Przeworski and Susan C. Stokes. Cambridge chapter 99,
p. 999.
Week VIII : Information
- Zaller, John. 1992b. The Nature and
Origins of Mass Opinion. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, ISBN: 0521407869, (Bookstore - 11/19).
Week IX : More Information
- Hinich, Melvin J. and Michael C. Munger. 1997. Analytical
Politics. Chapter 6. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN:
0521565677.
- Alvarez, R. Michael. 1997. Information and
Elections. Revised 1st edition. Ann Arbor: University
of Michigan Press, ISBN: 0472085751.
- Franklin, Charles H. 1991. ``Eschewing Obfuscation?
Campaigns and the Perception of U S Senate Incumbents.'' American
Political Science Review 858:1193-1214.
- Bartels, Larry. 1996.
``Uninformed Voters: Information Effects in Presidential Elections.''
American Journal of Political Science 40:194-230.
Week X and XI: Participation
- Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman Schlozman Henry E. Brady. 1995.
Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press, ISBN: 0674942930.
- Wolfinger, Raymond and Steve Rosenstone. 1980. Who Votes?,
Yale University Press. ISBN: 0300025521.
- Leighley, Jan E. and Jonathan Nagler. 1992. ``Individual and Systemic
Influences on Turnout: Who Votes? 1984,'' Journal of Politics,
54: 718-740.
- Green, Donald Philip Alan Gerber. 1999.
``Does Canvassing Increase Voter Turnout.'' Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of American
19:10939-10942.
- Gerber, Alan S. Donald P. Green. 2000.
``The Effects of Personal Canvassing, Telephone Calls, and Direct
Mail on Voter Turnout: A Field Experiment.'' American Political Science
Review 94.
Week XII: Partisanship - Revised
- Green, Donald Philip Bradley Palmquist. 1990.
``Of Artifacts and Partisan Instability.'' American Journal of
Political Science 34:872-902.
- Gerber, Elisabeth John Jackson. 1993.
``Endogenous Preferences and the Study of Institutions.''
American Political Science Review 87:639-656.
Week XIII: Electoral Systems
- Lecture:
- Empirical evidence on strategic voting in Britain (Alvarez and
Nagler)
- Empirical evidence on strategic voting in California Primaries
(Alvarez and Nagler)
- Cox, Gary. 1997. Making Votes Count: Strategic
Coordination in the World's Electoral System. Cambridge University
Press. ISBN: 0521585279.
Week XIV: Campaign Spending
- Jacobson, Gary C. 1978.
``The Effects of Campaign Spending in Congressional Elections.''
American Political Science Review 72:469-491.
- Green, Donald Philip Jonathan S. Krasno. 1988.
``Salvation for the Spendthrift Incumbent: Reestimating the Effects
of Campaign Spending in House Elections.'' American Journal of Political
Science 32:884-907.
- Jacobson, Gary C. 1990a.
``The Effects of Campaign Spending in House Elections: New Evidence
for Old Arguments.'' American Journal of Political Science 34:334-362.
- Green, Donald Philip Jonathan Krasno. 1990.
``Rebuttal to Jacobsons New Evidence for Old Arguments?''
American Journal of Political Science 34:363-372.
- Morton, Rebecca Charles Cameron. 1992.
``Elections and Theory of Campaign Contributions: A Survey and
Critical Analysis.'' Economics and Politics 4:79-108.
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