1986 Ph.D., Biological Anthropology, University of Toronto
1980 M.A., Biological Anthropology, University of Toronto
1978 B.A., Anthropology, Biology, Geology, California State University, Sonoma

Professor Bromage directs the Hard Tissue Research Unit (HTRU), a mineralized tissue preparation and imaging technology development laboratory of the Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, NYUCD. Mineralized tissue biology with emphasis on its translation to environmental and evolutionary studies are key to many of Bromage's HTRU pursuits, which include microanatomical correlates of bone and tooth biomechanics, enamel and bone growth rate variability in respect to environmental perturbations, and skeletal disease research. Recently, he has reported on a hitherto unrecognized chronobiological rhythm in bone microstructure that corresponds to a previously observed but enigmatic enamel formation rhythm in mammals, establishing the basis for understanding how chronobiology and organismal life history evolution are integrated.

Professor Bromage supplements laboratory research with African Late Pliocene paleontological fieldwork of significance to human evolutionary research, the surveys of which have recovered the oldest known representative of the human genus, Homo rudolfensis, 2.4 Ma, as well as its contemporary, Paranthropus boisei, from the shores of Lake Malawi. Fieldwork on Late Pleistocene pygmy elephant and pygmy hippopotamus localities in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus are also ongoing, which provides a natural experiment of relevance to interpretations of modern human dental reduction.

The integration of graphic and heuristic elements in the digital photomicrography of bone and tooth microanatomy is important to Professor Bromage, who presents the work as abstract art; his exhibit is currently touring Europe. Images include a variety of subjects of relevance to his equally integrative research agenda, from images of gene knockout mice in novel cancer research, to human evolutionary studies including micro-anatomical images from the bones of "Lucy" (a representative of the earliest humans from Ethiopia, ca. 3.0 Ma).

Professor Bromage is recipient of the 2010 Max Planck Prize in the Life Sciences (emphasis in Human Evolution), is Honorary Professor of La Salle University, Madrid, Spain, and is Honorary Research Fellow of the Department of Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt, Germany.

National Science Foundation, National Geographic Society, Max Planck Society, and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.

NYUCD Patent: Bromage, T.G. & Boyde, A., Perez-Ochoa Real, A. (2004) Portable Automated Confocal Microscope. US Pat. App. No.: 10/960,325, OIL Id. No.: BRO03-01PRO.

2012      Lacruz R.S., Smith C.E., Moffatt P., Chang E.H., Bromage T.G., Bringas P. Jr., Nanci A., Baniwal S.K., Zabner J., Welsh M.J., Kurtz I., Paine M.L.  Requirements for ion and solute transport, and pH regulation, during enamel maturation. Journal of Cellular Physiology 227: 1776–1785.  PMID: 21732355

2011      Bromage T.G., Juwayeyi Y.M., Smolyar I., Hu B., Gomez S., Chisi J.  Enamel-Calibrated Lamellar Bone Reveals Long Period Growth Rate Variability in Humans.  Cells Tissues Organs 194,124–130.  Doi: 10.1159/000324216.

2011      Holmes G., Bromage T.G., Basilico C.  The Sox2 high mobility group transcription factor inhibits mature osteoblast function in transgenic mice.  Bone 49: 653-661.  PMID: 21703370

2011      Yang J., Bromage T.G., Zhao Q., Xu B.H., Gao W.L., Tian H.F., Tang H.J., Liu D.W., Zhao X.Q.  Functional Evolution of Leptin of Ochotona Curzoniae in Adaptive Thermogenesis Driven by Cold Environmental Stress. PloS One 6, e19833.  PMID: 21698227

2011      Lacruz R.S., Lakshminarayanan R., Bromley K.M., Hacia J.G., Bromage T.G., Snead M.L., Moradian-Oldak J., Paine M.L.  Structural Analysis of a Repetitive Protein Sequence Motif in Strepsirrhine Primate Amelogenin. PloS One 6, e18028.   PMID: 21437261

2011      Fiorenza L., Benazzi S., Tausch J., Kullmer O., Bromage T.G., Schrenk F.  Molar macrowear reveals Neanderthal eco-geographic dietary variation. PloS One 6, e14769.  PMID: 21445243

2009      Bromage, T.G., Lacruz, R.S., Hogg, R., Goldman, H.M., McFarlin, S.C., Warshaw, J., Dirks, W., Perez-Ochoa, A., Smolyar, I., Enlow, D.H., Boyde, A.  Lamellar bone is an incremental tissue reconciling enamel rhythms, body size, and organismal life history.  Calcified Tissue International 84: 388-404.  PMID: 19234658

2009      Bromage, T.G., Goldman, H.M., McFarlin, S.C., Perez-Ochoa, A., Boyde, A.  Confocal Scanning Optical Microscopy of a 3my Australopithecus afarensis Femur.  Scanning 31: 1-10.  PMID: 1919126

2009      Bromage, T.G.  Coupled microbial and human systems: evidence for a relationship between infectious disease and gross national product.  Clinical Microbiology and Infection 15 (Suppl. 1): 51-53.  PMID: 19220356

2008      Bromage, T.G., Boyde, A.  Bone Growth Remodeling of the Early Human Face.  In (Enlow, D.H., Hans, M., Eds) Essentials of Facial Growth.  W B Saunders Co.: New York.  pp 319-342.

2008      Bromage, T.G., McMahon, J., Thackeray, J.F., Kullmer, O., Hogg, R., Rosenberger, A.L., Schrenk, F., Enlow, D.H.  Craniofacial architectural constraints and their importance for reconstructing the early Homo skull KNM-ER 1470.  Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 33: 43-54.  PMID: 19093651

2008      McFarlin, S.C., Terranova, C.J., Zihlman, A.L., Enlow, D.H., Bromage, T.G.  Regional variability in secondary remodeling within long bone cortices of catarrhine primates: the influence of bone growth history.  Journal of Anatomy 213: 308-324.  PMID: 18691379

2007      Bromage, T.G., Lacruz, R., Perez-Ochoa, A., Boyde, A.  Portable confocal scanning optical microscopy of Australopithecus africanus enamel microstructure.  In (Bailey, S.E., Hublin, J-J., Eds) Dental perspectives on human evolution: State of the art research in dental paleoanthropology.  Springer: Dordrecht, The Netherlands.  pp. 193-209. 

2007      Yeh, N., Miller, J. P., Gaur, T., Capellini, T.D., Nikolich-Zugich, J., la Hoz, C. de, Selleri, L., Bromage, T.G., van Wijnen, A.J., Stein, G.S., Lian, J.B., Vidal, A., Koff, A.  Cooperation between p27 and p107 during endochondral ossification suggests a genetic pathway controlled by p27 and p130.  Molecular and Cellular Biology 27: 5161-5171.  PMID: 17502351

2006      Lacruz, R. Bromage, T.G.  Appositional enamel growth in molars of South African fossil hominids.  Journal of Anatomy 209: 13-20.  PMID: 16822265

2006      Bromage, T.G.  Science networks and the future of integrative research.  In (Bromage, T.G., Vidal, A., Aguirre, E., Perez-Ochoa, A., Eds).  Integrative Approaches to Human Health and Evolution.  Elsevier: Amsterdam.  pp. 160-174. 

2005      Goldman, H.M., Thomas, C. D. L., Clement, J. G. Bromage, T. G.  Relationships among microstructural properties of bone at the human mid-shaft femur.  Journal of Anatomy 206: 127-139.   PMID: 15730478

2003      Bromage, T.G., Goldman, H.M., McFarlin S., Warshaw, J., Boyde, A. Riggs, C.  Circularly polarized light standards for investigations of collagen fiber orientation in bone.  Anatomical Record: The New Anatomist 274B: 157–168.  PMID: 12964206

2002      Bromage, T.G., Dirks, W., Erdjument-Bromage, H., Huck, M., Kulmer, O., Öner, R., Sandrock, O. Schrenk, F.  A life history and climate change solution to the evolution and extinction of insular dwarfs: A Cypriot experience.  In (Waldren W.H., Ensenyat, J.A., Eds.) World Islands in Prehistory: International Insular Investigations V Deia Conference of Prehistory.  British Archeological Reports International Series 105: 420-427.

1995      Palaeobiogeography of the Malawi Rift: Age and vertebrate palaeontology of the Chiwondo Beds, northern Malawi.  Bromage, T.G., Schrenk, F. & Juwayeyi, Y.M.  Journal of Human Evolution 28: 37-57.

1995      Palaeoanthropology of the Malawi Rift: An early hominid mandible from the Chiwondo Beds, northern Malawi.  Bromage, T.G., Schrenk, F. & Zonneveld, F.W.  Journal of Human Evolution 28: 71-108.

1995 Pattern of collagen fiber orientation in the ovine calcaneal shaft and its relation to locomotor-induced strain.  McMahon, J.M., Boyde, A. & Bromage, T.G.  Anatomical Record 242: 147-158. 

1993      Oldest Homo and Pliocene biogeography of the Malawi Rift.  Schrenk, F., Bromage, T.G., Betzler, C. & Ring, U.  Nature 365: 833-836.

1992 Application of mineral quantitation of bone by histogram analysis of backscattered electron images.  Boyde, A., Howell, P.G.T., Bromage, T.G., Elliott, J.C., Riggs, C.M., Bell, L.S., Kneissel, M., Reid, S.A., Jayasinghe, J.A.P. & Jones, S.J.  In (Slavkin, H. & Price, P., Eds.) Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues.  Elsevier Science Publishers: Amsterdam.  pp. 47-60.

1991 Enamel incremental periodicity in the Pigtailed Macaque: A polychrome fluorescent labeling study of dental hard tissues.  Bromage, T.G.  American Journal of Physical Anthropology 86: 205-214.

1990 Regional Distribution of mineral and matrix in the femurs of rats flown on Cosmos 1887 biosatellite.  Mechanic, G.L., Arnaud, S.B., Boyde, A., Bromage, T.G., Buckendahl, P., Elliott, J.C., Katz, E.P. & Durnova, I.  FASEB, 4: 34-40.

1989 Ontogeny of the early hominid face.  Journal of Human Evolution 18: 751-773.

1987 The biological and chronological maturation of early hominids.  Journal of Human Evolution 16: 257-272.

1986 Age at death of the Neanderthal child from Devil's Tower, Gibraltar and the implications for studies of general growth and development in Neanderthals.  Dean, M.C., Stringer, C.B. & Bromage, T.G.  American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 70: 301-309.

1985 Re-evaluation of the age at death of immature fossil hominids.  Bromage, T.G. & Dean, M.C.  Nature 317: 525-527.

1985 Taung facial remodeling: A growth and development study.  In (P.V. Tobias, Ed.) Hominid Evolution: Past, Present, and Future.  Alan R. Liss: New York.  pp. 239-245.