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The Faraday constant and definition of current

The faraday constant is defined to the total charge in 1 mol of electrons. Since the charge on one electron is 1.6021773 tex2html_wrap_inline867 C, the faraday constant, tex2html_wrap_inline869 has the value:

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Electrical current is defined to the rate of charge flow through a circuit:

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For a constant current, this definition reduces to

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where Q is the amount of charge that flows in a time interval t. The SI unit of current is the Ampere (A), defined to be 1 C/s. Thus, given a current I that flows for a time t, the number of moles of electrons that will have flowed is

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Example: If the cell Cu|Cu tex2html_wrap_inline823 ||Ag tex2html_wrap_inline829 |Ag operates with a current of 0.500 A for 101 minutes, how many grams of copper are dissolved and how many grams of silver are deposited?

Solution: The time interval in seconds is

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The number of moles of electrons is

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Since the half reactions are

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Since 1 mol of silver ions reacts with 1 mole of electrons, the mass of silver deposited is

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But 1 mol of Cu(s) produces 2 moles of electrons. Thus, the amount of copper deposited is

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Mark Tuckerman
Tue Dec 8 12:08:28 EST 1998