True/False/Related

Each phrase below is separated by the word BECAUSE. Decide whether each phrase is true or false. If both are true, decide whether there is a justifiable relationship between them. If a relationship exists, place a "1" in the blank on the answer sheet: (True/True/Related). If no relationship exists, place a "2" in the blank: (True/True/Unrelated). If one or both of the phrasesis (are) false, select the appropriate combination of choices from "3" to "5". Remember if one or both phrases is (are) false you assume no relationship exists and your answer must be from choices "3" to "5".

1 True/True/Related
2 True/True/Unrelated
3 True/False
4 False/True
5 False/False

For example...your instructor's name is Andrew McDonough:

Suppose your instructor said: "The color of money is green BECAUSE my name is Andrew McDonough" The correct response to this is: 2 True/True/Unrelated--The color of money is in fact green therefore that phrase is true. Your intructor's name is Andrew McDonough therefore that phrase is true. There is no relationship between the color of money and your instructor's name therefore the two phrase are unrelated.

Answer: 2 True/True/Unrelated

Another example:

"My name is Andrew McDonough BECAUSE my parents named me Anderew McDonough." Both phrases are true and the second phrase accounts for the first phrase so they are obviously related.

Answer: 1 True/True/Related

And now...a real problem:

Damage to the subclavian artery due to a severe fracture of the clavicle may result in vascular compromise to all structures supplied by the axillary artery BECAUSE the subclavian and axillary arteries are actually the same vessel which are named for the regions they cross.

Analysis:

The first phrase is true. As is implied by its name, the subclavian artery which derives from the brachiocephalic trunk on the right and directly from the aortic arch on the left is located directly beneath the clavicle. A severe fracture of the clavicle would very likely result in sharp bone ends at the break or multiple splinters of bone (a comminuted fracture) which could easily lacerate the artery.

The second phrase is also true. It is usually the case that major vessels take on the name of the region or segment they cross. In this case the subclavian artery, located beneath the clavicle, becomes the axillary artery as it passes the distal margin of pectoralis minor and passes into the axilla.

Therefore the answer would be: 1 True/True Related. Since the subclavian and axillary arteries are essentially the same vessel, injury (e.g., a laceration) of the subclavian artery would lead to diminished or absent blood supply to the axillary artery and all structures that it supplies.