New York University

References


Financing Higher Education, E98.2117
NYU School of Education, Program in Higher Education
Professor Keith Jepsen

Many titles in this bibliography include a Bobst Library catalog number if known. Citations appearing in boldface are also archived in Professor Jepsen's office files. Appendices 1 to 10 consolidate topics identified by the codes below. For example, items related to budget issues are marked with a "B" in the left margin and are collected in Appendix 1. Please report errors to Professor Jepsen on voice-mail at (212) 998-4480 or e-mail at keith.jepsen@nyu.edu.

B = Budget issues (Appendix 1)
D = Distance education (Appendix 2)
F = Federal policy, research, etc. (Appendix 3)
G = General (Appendix 4)
I = International issues (Appendix 5)
N = Numbers, statistics (Appendix 6)
R = Reserve desk at Bobst library (Appendix 7)
S = State policy, research, etc. (Appendix 8)
W = "So What" issues (Appendix 9)
* = Highly recommended (Appendix 10)


Enter a key word(s) or search for phrases by
surrounding the words with quotation marks.

Alphabetical by Author: A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M|N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z








AAHE (American Association for Higher Education). "Phantom Students: The Impact of Student Mobility on Educational Planning." Audio tape from 1993 AAHE National Conference on Higher Education.

AAHE (American Association for Higher Education). 25 Snapshots of A Movement: Profiles of Campuses Implementing CQI. Washington, D.C.: AAHE (1994).

AAUP Bulletin. (Periodical published by the American Association of University Professors.)
Bobst: LB 2301.A3 V 1-64 1915-78. Micro V 52-64.

ACAC Journal. (Periodical published by Association of College Admissions Counselors.)
Bobst: LB 2343.A1.A78 V 11-13 1965-68.

Administrative Science Quarterly. (Periodical)
Bobst: JA1. A2 V 1-13, 15- 1956-1968, 1970- . Micro V 1-35 1956-1990.

F Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. The Federal Role in the Federal System: The Dynamics of Growth---Volume VI: "The Evolution of a Problematic Partnership: The Feds and Higher Ed." A Commission Report. Washington, D.C. (May 1981). Also see Student Report (class file).

Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. "Proceedings: A Hearing on Early Eligibility, Finance and Lending Issues." Hearing report May 4-5, 1992. Washington, D.C.: Advisory Committee (1992).

F Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. "Student Loan Program Simplification: Final Report." A Report to the Congress of the United States and the Secretary of Education. Washington, D.C.: Advisory Committee (July 1993).

F Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. "The Higher Education Amendments of 1998: Meeting the Committee's New Challenges." Briefing document (September 1998).

Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. The Condition of Access to Postsecondary Education. Papers and documents presented by ACSFA. Washington, D.C.: Advisory Committee (April 2000).

F Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. Access Denied: Restoring the Nation's Commitment To Equal Educational Opportunity. Washington, D.C.: Advisory Committee (February 2001). See also Stephen Burd story and New York Times (AP) story.

Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. Empty Promises: The Myth of College Access In America. Washington, D.C.: Advisory Committee (June 2002).

AGB Reports. (Periodical published six times a year by the Association of Governing Boards.)

I Agovino, Theresa. "Hungary Prepares to Start Student-Loan Program, Hoping to Increase Enrollments." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 29, 2000).

I Albrecht, Douglas and Adrian Ziderman. "Deferred Cost Recovery for Higher Education; Student Loan Programs in Developing Countries." Washington, D.C.: The World Bank (November 1991).

Alexander, F. King. "Student Tuition and the Higher Education Marketplace: Policy Implications for Public Universities." The Journal of Staff, Program, and Organization Development (Winter 1999).

Alexander, Kern. "The Value of an Education." ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

Allen, R. and R. Brinkman. "Marginal Costing Techniques for Higher Education." Unpublished paper, National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (1982 Winter).

Allen, Richard H. "New Approaches to Incentive Financing." In Responding to New Realities in Funding. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1984).
Bobst: LB 2342.R47 1984.

* Alsalam, Nabeel (ed.). The Condition of Education 1990 (Vol. 2--Postsecondary Education). U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics (1990). (See also periodic updates).
Bobst: ED1.109 1982- ASI/SRI 4824-1 (see class Bobst handout).

Altbach, Philip G. and Berdhal, Robert O. (eds.). Higher Education in American Society.
Bobst: LA 228 H5 1987

Alternative Higher Education. (Periodical. A journal of research and development in non-traditional study. Published by Human Sciences Press.)
Bobst: LA227.3. A393 1-7 1976-83.

Altschuler, Glenn C. "The Big Choose." Selecting a college may be the most important decision of a young life. The New York Times (April 9, 2000). See also Hoxby study and Krueger, Alan B.

W American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Wise Choices for Tough Times: Innovative Resource Reallocation Strategies to Strengthen the University. Washington, D.C.: AASCU (1993).

S American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Report of the States. 1994 Annual Budget and Fiscal Survey of AASCU State Representatives. Washington, D.C.: AASCU (June 1994).

American College Testing Program. "Estimating Financial Need: 1990-91 Data." Financial Aid Research Brief No. 6 (October 1990).

American College Testing Program. Handbook for Financial Aid Administrators. Published annually. ACT: Iowa City, IA.

American Council on Education (ACE). A Higher Education Agenda for the 98th Congress. Washington, D.C. (1983).

American Council on Education (ACE). Description and Funding Status of Major Federal Student Aid Programs. Washington, D.C. (January 15, 1992).

American Council on Education (ACE). "Student Aid Crisis Coming For Many Colleges, ACE Says." Student Aid News (August 5, 1994).

American Council on Education (ACE). "Economic Upsurge, Lingering Effects of recession Push College Enrollments Down, ACE Survey Finds." ACE News (December 27, 1993).

American Council on Education (ACE). Research Briefs, Vol. 2 Number 7. Washington, D.C. (1991).

American Council on Education (ACE). Investing in the American Future: College Attendance, Costs, and Benefits. Washington, D.C.: ACE (1992).

F American Council on Education (ACE). The Impact of Federal Student Assistance on College Tuition Levels. Washington, D.C.: ACE (September 1997).

American Council on Education (ACE). Student Borrowing in the 1990s. Washington, D.C.: ACE (November 2001).

F American Council on Education (ACE). 2003 Status Report on the Federal Education Loan Programs. Washington, D.C.: ACE (October 2003).

F American Council on Education (ACE). 2003 Status Report on the Pell Grant Program. Washington, D.C.: ACE (October 2003).

S American Council on Education (ACE). "New Report: States Increase Higher Education Spending for FY 2008." Washington, D.C.: ACE (August 28, 2007).

American Economic Review. Periodical.
Bobst: HB1 A6 V 1-48, 50- 1911-1958, 1960- Micro 1-80 1911-1990.

American Education. (Periodical. Formerly Higher Education and School Life)
Bobst: Micro Vol. 21 ceased with Vol. 21

American Educational Research Journal. (Periodical. Published four times a year by the American Educational Research Association. Features original reports of empirical and theoretical studies in education.)
Bobst: V 12, 23- L11.A66 Micro 1985-

* American Enterprise Institute (AEI). Footing the Tuition Bill; New Developments in the Student-Loan Industry and How They Are Changing the Way We Pay for Higher Education. Conference in Washington, D.C. (September 25, 2006).

F American Institutes for Research (AIR). "Workforce Contingent Financial Aid: How States Link Financial Aid to Employment." Lumina Foundation (February 2004).

Ames, Don. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, September 12, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout).

Anderson, Charles J. "Student Financial Aid: The Growth of Academic Credit's Other Meaning." Research Briefs Vol. 3, Number 5. Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education (1992).

Anderson, Charles J. et al. 1989-90 Fact Book on Higher Education, New York: ACE/Macmillan (1989).

S Anderson, J. and M. Mumper. "Maintaining Public College Affordability in the 1980s: How did the States Do?" Journal of Education Finance No. 2, Vol. 19 pp. 183-199 (1993).

R Anderson, Richard E. "Does Money Matter?" ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

Anderson, Richard E. "Prepaying for Higher Education: Why It Works." In Arthur M. Hauptman, New Ways of Paying for College. New York: ACE/Macmillan (1991). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB2337.4.N49

R Anderson, Richard E. "The Economy and Higher Education." Financing Higher Education in a Global Economy. New York: ACE/Macmillan (1990).
Bobst: ASI/SRI LB2342.F515 1990 (see class Bobst handout).

Anderson, Richard E. "Tuition Charges and Self-Interest." Planning for Higher Education (#18), pp. 15-19 (1989-90).
Bobst: LB 2300. P72 V 6- 1977-

Anderson, Richard E. Selected issues of Capital Ideas: A Forum for College Financing Alternatives. (1987-1988).

Anderson, S., et al. "State Boards for Higher Education: Increased Costs or Greater Efficiency?" Journal of Education Finance (#15), pp. 391-407.
Bobst: LB 2825. J68 V 3- 1977-

F Andom, Mary. "How Education Pays: College Board Report Lists Benefits for Individuals and Society." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 13, 2007).

Annual Register of Grant Support. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who, 1967 - date (latest edition only).
Bobst: BRef1 AS911.A2A67.

W Applebome, Peter. "After Rising Faster Than Inflation for Years, Tuition Begins to Drop at Many Colleges." New York Times (January 24, 1996).

W Applebome, Peter. "Rising Cost of College Imperils Nation, Report Says." New York Times (June 18, 1997).

Appropriations. Federal Budget Appropriations--Budget Tables published in Student Aid News. Updated regularly and available in class file.

Arbeiter, Solomon. "Guns, Butter, or Sheepskins?" The College Board Review (Fall 1985).
Bobst: LB 2353.C56 1947-

Arden, [first name?]. "When is the Cure Worse than the Disease?" The College Board Review (Fall 1986).
Bobst: LB 2353.C56 1947-

F Arenson, Karen W. "College Tuition Again Rises More Than Nation's Inflation Rate." New York Times (September 26, 1996). See also Gose, Ben for related story.

F Arenson, Karen W. "Aid Cuts Put College Beyond Reach of Poorest Students." New York Times (January 27, 1997).

W Arenson, Karen W. "Why College Isn't for Everyone." New York Times (August 31, 1997).

W Arenson, Karen W. "New York Seeks to Assess Colleges and Universities." New York Times (September 27, 1998).

S Arenson, Karen W. "New York Offers a Tax Break for Saving for College Expenses." New York Times (September 29, 1998).

W Arenson, Karen W. "N.Y.U. Sees Profits in Virtual Classes." New York Times (October 7, 1998).

S Arenson, Karen W. "Panel Urges More College Assistance for Poor." The New York Times (March 9, 2000).

Arenson, Karen W. "Princeton to Replace Loans With Student Scholarships." The New York Times (January 28, 2001). See also Andrew Brownstein story, Florence Olsen story, Scott Carlson story, and New York Times (AP) story.

S Arnone, Michael. "State Spending on Colleges Increases at Lowest Rate in a Decade." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 13, 2002).

S Arnone, Michael. "Most States Increased Spending on Student Aid in 2001-02, Survey Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 24, 2003).

F Arnone, Michael. "Tax Credits Haven't Lifted College Attendance Among Low-Income Students, Study Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 13, 2003).

S Arnone, Michael. "State Spending on Collges Drops Over All for First Time in 11 Years." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 8, 2004).

S Arnone, Michael. "States Continued to Increase Spending on Student Aid in 2002-03, Survey Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 28, 2004).

Aronson, J. Richard and John L. Hilley. Financing State and Local Governments (1986).
Bobst: HJ275.A83 1986

Ashcroft, John and Clark Kerr (Chairmen). The Preservation of Excellence in American Higher Education: The Essential Role of Private Colleges and Universities, Report of the Education Commission of the States Task Force on State Policy and Independent Higher Education. Denver: ECS (1990).

Ashenfelter, Orley and Alan Krueger. "Estimates of the Economic Return to Schooling From a New Sample of Twins." Paper #304, Princeton University (June 24, 1992).

Aspen Institute. American Higher Education: Purposes, Problems and Public Perceptions. Queenstown, Maryland: The Aspen Institute (1992).

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges. Trustees and Troubled Times in Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: AGB (November 1992).

Astin, Alexander W. "Measurement and Determinants of the Outputs of Higher Education." In Solmon and Taubman (see Solmon).
Bobst: LC66 D63.

Astin, Alexander W. "Financial Aid and Student Persistence." In Preventing Students from Dropping Out. Chapters 3 and 8. Higher Education Research Report Series 3-24. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1975).
Bobst: LC 142.A84

F Astin, Alexander W. "Tying Tuition to the CPI: Why It Doesn't Add Up." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 20, 2004).

Atwell, Robert H. "The Post-Election Scene for Higher Education." ACE President's remarks delivered at the ACE 75th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA (January 25, 1993).

Babcock, Charles R. "Rising Tuitions Fill Loan Firm Coffers." Washington Post (October 27, 1997).

Baird, Andrea C. "Symposium on Alternative Financing Options for Higher Education." NASSGP/NCHELP research report (June 1991).

Balz, Frank J. Price and Cost in Higher Education: Shaping Up Those Figures of Speech. An Assessment of Research Issues in Determining the Cost of Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Independent Colleges and Universities (June 1992).

Banks, Jeffrey A. "Parental Contributions for Higher Education: An Analysis of Expected and Reported Contributions." Journal of Education Finance pgs. 87-101 (Summer 1979). Student Report only (class file).

Barks, J.A. "Parental Contributions for Higher Education: An Analysis of Expected and Reported Contributions." Journal of Education Finance, #5, pp. 87-101 (1979 Summer). Also see Student Report (class file).
Bobst: LB2875 J68 V 3- 1977-

Barnes, Gary T. An Economist's View of the Uniform Methodology, ACT Special Report #21. ACT: Iowa City, IA (1977).

Barr, Margaret J. and Associates. The Handbook of Student Affairs Administration. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1993).
Bobst: LB 2342.9.B37 1993

Basinger, Julianne. "Affluent Families Increasingly Favor Public Universities, a Study Finds." Academe Today, internet news posted by The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 14, 1997).

S Basinger, Julianne. "California Legislature Urged to Raise Tuition to Offset Federal Tax Credits." The Chronicle of Higher Education Daily News (February 16, 1998).

Bassett, W. Bruce. "Cost Control in Higher Education." In The Crisis in Higher Education by Joseph Froomkin (see Froomkin).
Bobst: H31.A3 Vol 35 No. 2

Baum, Sandy. "The Distribution of Subsidies to Postsecondary Students." NASSGP/NCHELP research report (December 1992).

F Baum, Sandy. "The Federal Role in Financing Higher Education: An Economic Perspective." Paper commissioned by the U.S. Department of Education for the National Conference on the Best Ways for the Federal Government to Help Students and Families Finance Higher Education (October 8, 1995).

F, * Baum, Sandy and Diane Saunders. Life After Debt: Results of the National Student Loan Survey. Final report. Braintree, MA: Nellie Mae (February 1998).

F, * Baum, Sandy. "Making Student Loans Harder to Get Won't Make Paying for College Easier." The Greentree Gazette (May 1998).

Baum, Sandy. "Who Should Pay For Graduate And Professional Education?" Student Aid Transcript (Winter 1998).

Baum, Sandy. "Balancing Act---Can Colleges Achieve Equal Access and Survive in a Competitive Market?" The College Board Review, Number 186 (Fall 1998).

Baum, Sandy. "More Need-Based Aid Would Level the Playing Field." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 2003).

Baumol, William J. "Social Wants and Dismal Science: The Curious Case of the Climbing Costs of Health and Teaching." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 137, No. 4 (1993).

G Becker, Gary S. Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press (1975).

Becker, Gary S. "Investment in Human Capital: A Theoretical Analysis." Journal of Political Economy, #70 (5), part 2, sections 9-49.
Bobst: HB1J7 v 1, 3-5, 8, 11-55, 57 Micro 1-98, 99-

* Becker, William E. "Why go to College? The Value of an Investment in Higher Education." In Becker and Darrell R. Lewis (eds.) The Economics of American Higher Education. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers (1992). Also see Student Report (class file).
Bobst: LC 67.62.E257 1992

Bell, Daniel. "On Meritocracy and Equality." In Karabel (see Karabel).
Bobst: LC 191 P66

Benezet, Louis T. Private Higher Educational Public Funding. Washington, D.C.: ERIC Higher Education Research Report No. 5 (1976).

Berg, David J. "Getting Individual and Organizational Goals to Match." New Directions for Higher Education, #52 pp. 65-78 (1985).
Bobst: LB 2331.72N48 no. 52

Berger, Joseph. "N.J. Engineering College Offers New Studets Free Tuition." New York Times (April 17, 1996).

Bernstein, Elizabeth. "Colleges Offer Students Incentives To Finish Their Degree in 4 Years." The Wall Street Journal (April 26, 2002).

S, * Bernstein, Emily M. "Plan Offered To Revamp SUNY System." Pataki Appointees Seek To Decentralize Tuition. New York Times (November 7, 1995).

R Bess, James L. (ed.) Foundations of American Higher Education. An ASHE Reader. Needham Heights, MA: Ginn Press (1991).
Bobst: LA227.4.F68

I Birchard, Karen. "Key Province in Canada Is Urged to Increase Spending on Higher Education." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 8, 2005).

Birnbaum, R. "How to Improve Campus Productivity." AGB Reports (May/June 1991).

Blackburn, John A. and Wayne M. Sparks. "Improving Access and Affordability at Major Public Universities." In Working Together: Cooperation Between the Admission and Financial Aid Offices. New York: College Board (1993). See College Board.

Blackburn, John A. Assessment and Evaluation in Admission. New York: The College Board (1990).

Blakey, William A. Transcript of testimony before the National Symposium -- Financing Higher Education in the 21st Century -- Sponsored by The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Higher Education, June 16, 1992. Washington, D.C. (1992).

S Blaney, Dorothy. "Who Should Pay the Bill for a Private Education?" (and Letters to the Editor). The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 2, 2004).

G Blasdell, Scott W. and Michael S. McPherson, et al. "Trends in Revenues and Expenditures in U.S. Higher Education: Where Does the Money Come From? Where Does it Go?" Williams Project on the Economics of Higher Education, Williams College (June 1992).

Block, Sandra. "Cost of higher education gets more pricey." USA Today (July 26, 2007).

Bloustein, E.J. "How Much Tuition Should State Universities Charge?" Planning for Higher Education (#18), pp. 3-6.
Bobst: LB 2300. P72 v 6- 1977-

Bluestone, Barry. "States May Be Making a Healthy Profit on Their Public Colleges and Universities." Chonicle of Higher Education (October 6, 1993).

Bluestone, Barry. "UMass/Boston: An Economic Impact Analysis." Boston: University of Massachusetts at Boston (January 1993).

Blum, Debra. "Sports Programs Continue to Lose Money, Survey Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 7, 1994).

Blumenstyk, Goldie. "College Officials and Policy Experts Ponder Implications of Privatizing State Colleges." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 13, 1992).
Bobst: Newspaper currently rec'd. Micro V 1- 1966-

Blumenstyk, Goldie. "CUNY Students and Professors Sue Governor and Legislature Over "Unequal" Financing of State's 2 University Systems." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 4, 1992).
Bobst: Newspaper currently rec'd. Micro V 1- 1966-

Blumenstyk, Goldie. "States Plan to Spend $1.2 Billion on Student Aid, Up 3.9% Over All, but 11 Will Have to Make Cuts." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 25, 1992).
Bobst: Newspaper currently rec'd. Micro V 1- 1966-

Blumenstyk, Goldie. "Private Colleges Scramble to Deal With Rising Costs of Financial Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 21, 1993).

Blumenstyk, Goldie. "Universities' Income From Commercial Licensing of Inventions Rises 30%, to $172-Million." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 26, 1994).

Blumenstyk, Goldie. "A 40% Increase in Income From Inventions." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 9, 1994).

S Blumenstyk, Goldie. "State Supreme Court Upholds U. of Vermont in Tuition-Rate Case." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 18, 1998).

W Blystone, Susan Marquardt. "Accountability: A Question of Degrees." Illinois State Today vol. 31, number 2 (Winter 1997).

F Boaz, David. "Cato Handbook for Congress: Department of Education." Cato Institute (1997?). Student Report only (class file).

Bobst Library: 6th Floor reference center (see class Bobst handout). Includes American Statistics Index (ASI) and Statistical Reference Index (SRI).

Bogue, E.G. "Performance Incentives for State Colleges." Harvard Business Review. pp. 123-128. (1982 Nov/Dec).
Bobst: HF 5001. H3 V 1-43, 45- Micro V 1-68, 69-

I Bollag, Burton. "Looking for New Money; As Government Support Lags, Europe's Universities Cultivate Other Sources." The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 23, 1995).

I Bollag, Burton. "German Higher Education Faces a Period of Tough Transitions." Massive student protests reflect anger over declines in financing and quality. The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 16, 1998).

I Bollag, Burton. "German Chancellor-Elect Not Expected to Keep His Vow on College Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 29, 1998).

I Bollag, Burton. "Russia's Largest Bank Offers the Country's First Student Loans." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 3, 2000).

I Bollag, Burton. "German Court Upholds Right to Charge Tuition to 'Eternal' Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 2, 2001).

I Bollag, Burton. "Student Loans: a Slippery Lifeline." As more countries institute tuition, borrowing has become crucial and fraught with problems. The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 7, 2001).

I Bollag, Burton. "Study Documents Economic Benefits of Secondary and Higher Education in the Developing World." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 19, 2003).

I Bollag, Burton. "Worldwide, Financing for Higher Education Is Increasingly Shifting From Public to Private Sources." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 7, 2007).

Borrego, Anne Marie. "Study Finds Strong Growth in For-Profit Higher Education." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 19, 2001).

S Borrego, Anne Marie. "When You Can't Wait for Money." For a college with a small endowment, fund raising has to yield results now. The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 2, 2002).

* Bowen, Howard R. "Finance and the Aims of American Higher Education." In Orwig (see Orwig).

Bowen, Howard R. Financing Higher Education: The Current State of the Debate. Washington, D.C.: Association of American Colleges (1974).

R Bowen, Howard R. "Society, Students, and Parents--A Joint Responsibility." ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

R Bowen, Howard R. "What Determines the Costs of Higher Education?" ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

Bowen, Howard R. "Is Higher Education Worth the Cost?" In Investment in Learning: The Individual and Social Value of American Higher Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1977). Also in Bess, James L. Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB 2322.B68x Copies in Reserve collection for course taught by Jim Bess.


Bowen, Howard R. The Costs of Higher Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1981).
Bobst: LB 2342.B63

* Bowen, Howard R. The Finance of Higher Education. Berkeley, CA: Carnegie Commission on Higher Education (1968).
Bobst: LB 2342.B65

Bowen, Howard R. The Economics of the Major Private Universities. Berkeley, CA: Carnegie Commission on Higher Education (1968).

G Bowen, Howard R. and W. John Minter. Independent Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: NAICU (1978).

G, * Bowen, William G. and David W. Breneman. "Student Aid: Price Discount or Educational Investment?" Brookings Review Vol. 11, No. 1. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution (Winter 1993). Also see Student Report (class file).

Bowles, S. and H. Gintis. Schooling in Capitalist America.
Bobst: LC66.B68

Bowman, M.J. "The Economics of Education." In Orwig Financing Higher Education: Alternatives for the Federal Government. (see Orwig).

Bowman, James L. Some Thoughts and Reflections Regarding Parental Ability to Pay for Higher Education. New York: College Board (1970).

Boyd, Brendan. "Investing for College." Investment Digest September 1, 1993.

F Boyd, Joseph D. and Carol Wennerdahl. The Characteristics of Stafford Student Loan Borrowers In Repayment and The Impact of Educational Debt on Personal and Economic Life Decisions. Washington, D.C.: ACE (June 1993).

Bradburd, R. et al. The Ability to Afford Higher Education: Past, Present and Future. Washington, D.C.: Pelavin Associates (1990).

Brademas, John. Washington, D.C. to Washington Square. New York: Weidenfeld and Nicholson (1986).
Bobst: E169.12.B687

F Brademas, John. The Politics of Education: Conflict and Consensus on Capitol Hill. University of Oklahoma Press (1987). Student Report only (class file).

I Brademas, John. "Higher Education: The Global Perspective." Oxford Review of Education, volume 18, number 2 (1992). Student Report only (class file).

I Brademas, John. "Educational and Cultural Exchanges Across the Atlantic." Remarks made at the annual "Team Europe USA" meeting of the European Union Delegation Of The European Commission. New York, NY: The Union League Club (December 12, 1997).

I Brademas, John. Remarks made to The American Forum for Global Education, New York City (May 20, 1997).

Braun, Robert. "'Variable Tuition' Stirs Higher Ed Controversy." In Newark Star Ledger (April 17, 1994). Also see Student Report (class file).

I Bray, M. "Strategies for Financing Higher Education: Perspectives from Hong Kong and Macao." In Higher Education, Vol. 21, pp. 11-25 (1991). Student Report only (class file).

I Brender, Alan. "South Korea Gives Its Universities the Power to Set Tuition Rates." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 5, 2001).

G, R Breneman, David W. and Chester Finn (eds.). Public Policy and Private Higher Education. Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution (1978).
Bobst: LC 173 P82.

Breneman, David W. and Susan C. Nelson, eds. "The Future." Financing Community Colleges. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution (1981).
Bobst: LB 2328.B685

Breneman, David W. Comments on Lee Hansen's paper (see Hansen, W. Lee). Paper presented at the National Institute of Education, Conference on Education, Productivity, and the National Economy, November 1982.

Breneman, David W. "Liberal Arts Colleges: What Price Survival?" The College Board Review (1991)
Bobst: LB 2353 C56 1947-

Breneman, David W. Guaranteed Student Loans: Great Success or Dismal Failure? USA Funds, Inc. Indianapolis, IN (May 1991). Also see Student Report (class file).

Breneman, David W.and Susan C. Nelson. Financing Community Colleges: An Economic Perspective. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution (1978). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB 2328.B685 (1981 only).

G Breneman, David W. "Time for Honesty: The Truth about College Tuition." Change magazine, vol. 22 (January-February 1990).

Breneman, David W. and William G. Bowen. "Student Aid: Price Discount or Educational Investment?" Brookings Review, Vol. 11, No. 1. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution (Winter 1993).

R, W, * Breneman, David W. Higher Education: On a Collision Course with New Realities. Boston, MA: ASA (American Student Assistance) (December 1993). Also see Student Report (class file).

G, R, * Breneman, David W. Liberal Arts Colleges: Thriving, Surviving, or Endangered? Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution (1994).

G, R, * Breneman, David W., et al., (eds.) ASHE Reader on Finance in Higher Education (1994 edition). Needham Heights, MA: Ginn Press (1994).

S Breneman, David W. A State of Emergency? Higher Education in California. A Report from The California Higher Education Policy Center (February 1995).

S, W Breneman, David W. "Sweeping, Painful Changes." The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. B1 (September 8, 1995).

F Breneman, David W. "Rethinking the Allocation of Pell Grants." Paper commissioned by the U.S. Department of Education for the National Conference on the Best Ways for the Federal Government to Help Students and Families Finance Higher Education (October 8, 1995).

S Breneman, David W. "The 'Privatization' of Public Universities: Mistake or Model?" The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. B4 (March 7, 1997).

* Breneman, David W. "A Tuition Freeze Accents the Cockeyed Economics of Higher Education." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 11, 2000).

F, S, * Breneman, David W. "For Colleges, This Is Not Just Another Recession." The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 14, 2002).

Breneman, David W. "Focus State Subsidies on Low-Income Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 2003).

Brinkman P. "College and University Adjustments to a Changing Financial Environment." Mimeo provided by Prof. David L. Breneman: Financing Higher Education, Harvard University, Spring 1991.

R Brinkman P. "Formula Budgeting: The Fourth Decade." ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

Brinkman, P. "The Financial Impact of Part-time Enrollments on Two-Year Colleges." Journal of Higher Education (May/June 1985).
Bobst: LB 2301. J8 V 1-44 1930-1973 Micro V 37-61, 62-

I Brooder, Christine. "Financing Higher Education in Great Britain." NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

S Brooke, James. "Colorado Tries College Aid Based on Need, Not on Race." New York Times (January 16, 1996).

Brown, Stephen. "How Will I Pay for School? Challenges in Student Funding of Higher Education in the Nineties." NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (December 1992).

* Brownstein, Andrew. "Upping the Ante for Student Aid." Princeton replaces loans with grants, and the rest of higher education struggles to keep up. The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 16, 2001). See also Karen Arenson story, Florence Olsen story, Scott Carlson story, and New York Times (AP) story.

S Brownstein, Andrew. "Tuition Increases at Public and Private Colleges Are Largest in Years, Survey Reports" The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 24, 2001).

Brubacher, J.S. and W. Rudy. Higher Education in Transition.
Bobst: LA 226 B75 1976.

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Brush, Silla. "Student-Loan Borrowers Who Drop Out Often Face a 'Double Blind,' Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 4, 2005).

* Buckley, Jr. William F. "Why Does College Cost So Much?" VHS videocassettes and transcript of Firing Line four-part series Liberal Education on the Firing Line (June 1993).

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W Burd, Stephen. "House Committee Approves Creation of Panel on Rising College Costs." Academe Today, internet news posted by The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 8, 1997).

Burd, Stephen. "Congressional Panel on Education Costs Is Urged to View Colleges Skeptically." Academe Today, internet news posted by The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 28, 1997).

W Burd, Stephen. "Gore Unveils Program to Give Students Web Access to Financial-Aid Accounts" The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 18, 1999).

B Burd, Stephen. "College Lobbyists Win Administration Assurances on Funds for Campus-Based Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 22, 1999).

W Burd, Stephen. "Rising Cost of College Could Leave Many Americans Behind, Senators Warn." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 10, 2000).

F Burd, Stephen. "President Clinton Unveils Proposals to Ease Financial Burdens of College." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 21, 2000).

F Burd, Stephen. "Aid Experts Urge U.S. Lawmakers to Make Pell Grants a Federal Entitlement." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 11, 2000).

F, W Burd, Stephen. "A Grand National Assessment of College Costs Is Cut to Scale." Lawmakers and federal officials decline to ante up, leaving a much smaller study of questionable value. The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 7, 2000).

Burd, Stephen. "Bringing Market Forces to the Loan Program." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 2, 2001).

F Burd, Stephen. "U.S. Education Faces 'Access Crisis' If Need-Based Aid Programs Are Not Revived, Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 22, 2001). See also Advisory Committee report and New York Times (AP) story.

Burd, Stephen. "Report Finds Most Private Colleges Out of Reach for Needy Students; Lobbyists Disagree." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 7, 2002).

F, * Burd, Stephen. "U.S. Lawmaker Plans Bill That Would Penalize Colleges That Raise Tuition Too Much." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 6, 2003).

F Burd, Stephen. "High Stakes on Tuition." Colleges must control it or face stiff penalties, key congressman says. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 2, 2003).

F Burd, Stephen. "Bush's Next Target?" The president may use the renewal of the Higher Education Act as an opportunity to attack colleges for high costs and dropout rates. The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 11, 2003).

F Burd, Stephen. "Rep. McKeon's Plan to Penalize Colleges for Steep Tuition Increases Is Criticized in House Hearing." The New York Times (September 24, 2003).

W Burke, Joseph C. and Andrea M. Serban. "Performance Funding for Public Higher Education: Fad or Trend?" New Directions For Institutional Research, No. 97. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass (spring 1998). Student Report only (class file).

* Burkis, Lisa. "Financial Aid: Partner in Student Persistence." NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

F Business Week. "A Better Way to Pay For College." Editorial (January 9, 1995).

F Butler, Stuart M. and John S. Barry. "Taking the Anxiety Out of Paying for College: A Bond Market for Higher Education." Heritage Foundation Backgrounder, (January 31, 1997). Student Report only (class file).

Butner, Blain B. and David B. Rigney. Managing Federal Student Financial Aid Programs. National Association of College and University Attorneys (NACUA) (1993).

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W Cacciatore, Lawrence. "How Will Colleges and Universities Survive?" Improving and Enhancing the Quality of Student Services at a Time when Resources Continue to Shrink. NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

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I Callan, P.M. and J.E. Finney. Public and Private Financing of Higher Education: Shaping Public Policy for the Future. American Council of Education (ACE), Oryx Press (1997). Student Report only (class file).

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* Carnegie Commission on Higher Education. Higher Education: Who Pays? Who Benefits? Who Should Pay? New York: McGraw-Hill (June 1973). Also see Student Report (class file).
Bobst: LB 2342.C26 BSTACK or ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout).

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Bobst: LB 2341.c165

F Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education. Low or No Tuition: the Feasibility of a National Policy for the First Two Years of College. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1975).
Bobst: LB 2342.C28

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F Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education. The Federal Role in Post-Secondary Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1975).
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F Carnevale, Anthony P. and Louis Jacobson. "The Role of Pell Grants In The Employment and Training System." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14, 1997).

W Carnevale, Anthony P. et al. "Performance-Based Appropriations: Fad or Wave of the Future?" The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 10, 1998).

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D, F Carnevale, Dan. "Survey Finds 72% Rise in Number of Distance-Education Programs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 7, 2000).

D Carnevale, Dan. "Report to Congress Says Financial-Aid Rules Are Hurting Distance Programs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 24, 2001). See also report.

D, W, * Carr, Sarah. "A Day in the Life of a New Type of Professor." For faculty members at NYU's online subsidiary, selling goes hand in hand with teaching. The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 15, 2000).

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Bobst: LA 2342.C322

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W Celis 3d, William. "Penn Proposes Elimination of 3 Departments." New York Times (October 14, 1993).

B, F Celis 3d, William. "Student Aid Is a Prime Target of G.O.P. Cost-Cutters." New York Times (February 15, 1995).

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W Chaffee, Ellen E. "TQM in Higher Education." A presentation to the 1992 NASFAA Annual Meeting (July 1992).

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* Cheever, Jr. Daniel S. "After Reauthorization: Tomorrow's Crisis Will Be College Costs." Presented at The Colorado Student Loan Conference, September 16, 1992.

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W Chinni, Dante. "Heaven's Gate." Will gaining admission to one of the nation's elite colleges guarantee a prosperous future -- or just a mountain of debt? Washington Post (April 2, 2006).

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N, * The Chronicle of Higher Education--Alamanac issue published by The Chronicle of Higher Education. See Related resources.

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* The Chronicle of Higher Education. "Scholars Weigh How Choosing a College Affects Future Earnings." Page A57 (October 18, 1996).

W The Chronicle of Higher Education. "Anxiety Over Tuition: a Controversy in Context." Special section (May 30, 1997).

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N The Chronicle of Higher Education. "Facts and Figures: Endowments." In daily news bulletin (February 24, 1998).

I The Chronicle of Higher Education. "New Polish Law Requires Banks to Make Low-Interest Student Loans." Page A73 (September 4, 1998).

I The Chronicle of Higher Education. "Tuition in Britain Has Biggest Impact on Scotland; Survey Finds Universities Eager to Raise Fees Further." (April 30, 1999).

I The Chronicle of Higher Education. "Scottish Parliament Studies Disparate Impact of Tuition on Scots." Page A65 (September 10, 1999).

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S CICU (Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities). "Report on Family Incomes of New York State Students; SUNY vs. Independent Colleges and Universities." Albany, NY: CICU (October 1992).

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I Cohen, David. "Australia Approves Sweeping Higher-Education Law, Allowing Universities to Raise Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 10, 2003).

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College Board. 1990-91 College Costs: Average Fixed Charges and Student Expenses, Vol. 2, No. 2 (November 1990).

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N, * College Board. Trends in Student Aid and Trends in College Pricing. Current issues are available at the College Board web site (see section for Education Professionals).

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S Commission on New York State Student Financial Aid: Summit meeting in New York City, December 1998. Prepared testimony includes (1) Background Paper by Richard P. Mills, New York State Commisioner of Education; (2) Untitled testimony by William C. Cheetham, President of New York State Financial Aid Administrators Association (NYSFAAA); (3) Untitled testimony by Geoffrey J. Flynn, Vice President of New York State Higher Education Services Corporation (HESC); (4) "Higher Education Opportunity Programs and Financial Aid: Implication on Policy" by Rodger J. Smith, President of Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP); (5) Untitled testimony by Robert D. James, Associate Provost for Opportunity Programs, State University of New York (SUNY); (6) Untitled testimony by Dolores Y. Straker, Interim Associate Dean, Office of Academic Affairs, City University of New York (CUNY); (7) "The Tuition Assistance Program: Changes to Improve its Service to Students" by Kirstin Swanson, President of Student Association of the State University of New York (SASU); (8) Unititled testimony by Bryan J. Gorman, Executive Director of Independent Student Coalition (ISC); (9) Untitled testimony by Thomas F. Egan, Chairman of SUNY Board of Trustees, and Scott W. Steffey, Vice Chancellor for University and Government Relations; (10) Untitled testimony by Stephen J. Jerome, President of Monroe College.

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F Coolidge, Nancy and Maureen Budetti. "Federal Encroachment." Unpublished paper. University of California, Office of the President (1993).

S Cooper, Kenneth J. "The Well-to-Do at the Public U." Increasingly, Affluent Students Are Choosing State, Not Private, Colleges. The Washington Post (November 25, 1999).

* Cooperstown Institute. "How Much is Enough? Using Financial Aid to Maximize Net Tuition Revenue." Presentation by Richard Hesel and David Strauss at June 1994 Cooperstown Institute. Baltimore, MD: Art and Science Group, Inc. (1994).

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* Cunningham, Alisa F. and Deborah A. Santiago. "Student Aversion to Borrowing: Who Borrows and Who Doesn't." Washington, D.C.: Institute for Higher Education Policy (December 2008).

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Bobst: LB2825. V6 1965-1968/69 (also LB 2301.C87)

S Curtin, Dave. "Vouchers: Higher-ed savior? Proponents say bill to spur enrollment." The Denver Post (December 13, 2002).

I Cutright, M. & B. Griffith. "Higher Education in the Service of the Economy: Education Ministry Reconfigurations and the Corporatist Agenda." Paper presented at the Parkland Institute Conference, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA (1997). Student Report only (class file).

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S Dao, James. "Pataki Plans Aid Cuts at SUNY And CUNY, Forcing a Fee Hike." New York Times (January 31, 1995).

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S, * Davis, Jerry S. College Affordability: Overlooked Long-Term Trends and Recent 50-State Patterns. Indianapolis, IN: USA Group Foundation (November 2000).

F Day, Jennifer Cheeseman and Eric C. Newburger. The Big Payoff: Educational Attainment and Synthetic Estimates of Work-Life Earnings. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Census Bureau (July 2002).

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* Delbanco, Andrew. "Scholarships for the Rich." Elite colleges are competing so ferociously for desirable students, needy or not, that financial aid for deserving applicants is coming under pressure. New York Times (September 1, 1996).

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* Friedman, Milton. "The Perils of Socialized Higher Education." Interview by Leslie Spencer, Forbes (May 27, 1991). See also Peter Passell's New York Times article July 27, 1994.

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I Galbraith, Kate. "British Parliament Passes Disputed Bill That Would Allow Universities to Raise Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 28, 2004).

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I Gamage, D.T. "The Reorganization of the Australian Higher Educational Institutions Towards a Unified National System." Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 81-94 (1993). Student Report only (class file).

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I Gertel, H.R. "Issues and Perspectives for Higher Education in Argentina in the 1990s." In Higher Education, Vol. 21, pp. 63-81 (1991). Student Report only (class file).

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* Gladieux, Lawrence E. (ed.) Radical Reform or Incremental Change? Student Loan Policy Alternatives for the Federal Government. Also see Student Report (class file).
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F Gladieux, Lawrence E. and Arthur M. Hauptman. "A Fifty-Year Retrospective on Federal Student Aid Policy." In College Aid Quandary (pp. 1-37). Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution (1995). Student Report only (class file).

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F Gladieux, Lawrence E. and Robert D. Reischauer. "Higher Tuition, More Grade Inflation." Washington Post (September 4, 1996).

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* Goggin, William J. The Measurement of Economic Well-Being in Need Analysis Models, ACT Research Report #66 (1974).
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F Gose, Ben. "Undergraduate Tuition Rises by an Average of 5%." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 4, 1996). See also Arenson, Karen for related story.

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* Gose, Ben. "Change in Aid Policy Nets Princeton More Students From Low- and Middle-Income Families." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 14, 1998).

* Gose, Ben. "Changes at Elite Colleges Fuel Intense Competition in Student Aid." Experts expect bidding wars as institutions try to lure top students. The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 5, 1999).

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W Hammer, Michael. Beyond Reengineering: how the process-centered organization is changing our work and our lives. New York, NY: HarperBusiness (1996).

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* Hansen, W. Lee. and Jacob O. Stampen. "The Nation's Investment in Postsecondary Education." (RR 87:4) Research report published by National Center for Postsecondary Governance and Finance, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

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* Hansen, W. Lee. "The Financial Squeeze on Higher Education Institutions and Students: The Balance Between Quality and Access." In Essays on the Economics of Education, Emily P. Hoffman, ed. Kalamazoo, Michigan: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research (1993). Student Report only (class file).

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* Hartle, Terry W. "Federal Support for Higher Education in the 90's: Boom, Bust, or Something in Between?" Change magazine, pp. 32-41. (1990 Jan/Feb).
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* Hartle, Terry W. and Stanley O. Ikenberry. Too Little Knowledge is a Dangerous Thing. What the Public Thinks and Knows About Paying for College. Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education (1998).

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R Hauptman, Arthur M. The Tuition Dilemma. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution (1990). Also see Student Report (class file).
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Hauptman, Arthur M. "Alternatives for Funding Postsecondary Education: Pricing Structures and Financial Aid Strategies." In Financing Higher Education in the 21st Century. National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education (April 1993).

Hauptman, Arthur M. "Thinking About Next Steps for Reforming Federal Student Aid." Prepared for a Policy Seminar sponsored by the Brown Center on Education Policy. The Brookings Institution (November 15, 1993).

Hauptman, Arthur M. "Direct Loans: An Assessment of the Clinton Administration's Proposals and Some Suggestions for Improvement." Wasington D.C.: AGB (Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges (1993).

Hauptman, Arthur M. "Meeting the Challenge: Doing More With Less in the 1990s." Educational Record (Spring 1991).

Hauptman, Arthur M. and Lawrence E. Gladieux. "Improving Public Policies to Help Students Pay for College." Unpublished discussion paper for College Board/Brookings Colloquium (October 26, 1994).

F Hauptman, Arthur M. "Cut the Cloth to Fit the Student: Tailoring the Federal Role in Postsecondary Education and Training." Paper commissioned by the U.S. Department of Education for the National Conference on the Best Ways for the Federal Government to Help Students and Families Finance Higher Education (October 8, 1995).

Hauptman, Arthur M. "A New Equation for Tuition and Aid Policies." Priorities, number 8, pages 1-16 (Spring 1997). Student Report only (class file).

F Hauptman, Arthur M. "Achieving the Initial Purposes of the Pell Grant Program." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14, 1997).

F Hauptman, Arthur M. and Cathy S. Krop. Federal Student Aid and Tuition Growth--Examining the Relationship. New York, NY: Council for Aid to Education (1998).

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I Hayward, Fred M. Internationalization of U.S. Higher Education: Preliminary Status Report 2000. Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education (2000).

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S Healy, Patrick. "Power of the State." Michigan colleges wary of state plan that links tax breaks and caps on tuition. The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 18, 1995).

S Healy, Patrick. "Massachusetts Starts Novel Program to Help Families Pay Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 3, 1995).

S Healy, Patrick. "Tug of War Over Student Aid Moves to the State Capitals." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 10, 1995).

S Healy, Patrick. "Pay Now, Study Later." More state legislatures are moving to create prepaid tuition programs. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 31, 1996).

F, S Healy, Patrick. "Treasury Department Plans New Bonds That Could Help Pay for College Costs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 31, 1996).

F Healy, Patrick. "U.S. Sells New Bonds as Investment to Help With College Costs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 7, 1997).

S Healy, Patrick. "N.Y. Lawmakers Asked to Consider Allowing SUNY Tuition to Vary." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 17, 1997).

S Healy, Patrick. "Magazine Ranks States' Tuition-Savings Programs" The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 12, 1999).

Healy, Scott F. School-College Articulation. New York: The College Board (1991).
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Hearn, James C. "Effects on Enrollment of Changes in Student Aid Policies and Programs." New Directions for Institutional Research, #25 pp. 1-14 (1980).
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Hearn, James C. "Strategy and Resources; Economic Issues and Strategic Planning and Management in Higher Education." Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research, Vol. IV (J. Smart, ed.). New York: Agathon Press (1988).
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R Hearn, James C. and David Longanecker. "Enrollment Effects of Alternative Postsecondary Pricing Policies." ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

Hearn, James C. "Emerging Variations in Postsecondary Attendance Patterns: An Investigation of Part-Time, Delayed and Nondegree Enrollment." Research in Higher Education, Vol. 33, No. 6 (1992).

Hearn, James C. Federal Aid for College Students, 1965-1988: A Political History.

Hearn, James C. "Attendance at Higher-Cost Colleges: Ascribed, Socioeconomic, and Academic Influences on Student Enrollment Patterns." Economics of Education Review 7(1): 65-76 (1988). Student Report only (class file).

S Hearn, S. and M. Anderson. "Studying the Impact of Student Aid on Institutions." Integration Postsecondary Education Policies: The Minnesota Model (pp. 55 to 75). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, Inc. (1989). Student Report only (class file).

S Hebel, Sara. "Virginia Lawmakers Approve a 20% Cut in Public-College Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 12, 1999).

S Hebel, Sara. "Virginia Panel Endorses Plan for Performance-Based Financing of Colleges." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 19, 1999).

F Hebel, Sara. "New Tax Credits Are Changing the Economics of Student Aid." A $400 increase in the maximum Pell Grant would cancel out other benefits for many recipients. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 21, 1999).

F Hebel, Sara. "Dashed Hopes for Increasing Access to Higher Education." Experience of California students shows why federal tax breaks may not achieve their goal. The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 22, 1999).

F Hebel, Sara. "In Year 2 of Tuition Tax Credits, Colleges Cope Better, but Still Complain." Institutions develop procedures for handling forms and student inquiries, but press lawmakers to ease reporting requirements. The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 21, 2000).

S Hebel, Sara. "Public Colleges Feel Impact of the Economic Downturn." Many are being forced to enact large tuition increases; others face budget uncertainty. The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 20, 2001).

S Hebel, Sara. "Colorado Eyes a Voucher System to Ease Financial Strain." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 8, 2002).

Hebel, Sara. "The Future of Tuition: Same Classroom, Different Price." Colleges debate ways to vary tuition among students and increase revenue. The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 2003).

Hebel, Sara. "The Future of Tuition: Colleges Eye Discounts on Tuition to Change Students Choices." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 2003).

S Hebel, Sara. "Led by Colorado, States Weigh New Approaches to Financing Colleges." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 26, 2004).

S Hebel, Sara. "Need-Based Aid Is Biggest Influence on Students' Ability to Attend College, Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 7, 2004).

S Hebel, Sara. "Colorado Lawmakers Pass Bill That Would Send State Money to Students Instead of Institutions" The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 28, 2004).

S Hebel, Sara. "State Spending on Higher Education Up Slightly, a Reversal From Previous Year." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 17, 2004).

S Hebel, Sara. "Push for Tuition Predictability." States weigh plans to set rates more rationally, but skeptics worry that the changes would only increase students' financial burden. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 16, 2005).

Hebel, Sara. "8 Papers Published by Lumina Foundation Offer Ideas for Controlling College Costs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 19, 2005).

* Hebel, Sara. "Price Not a Barrier to College for Most Pennsylvanians, Study Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 21, 2006).

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W Heller, Karen and Lily Eng. "Higher Education: How High the Price." The Philadelphia Inquirer, five-part series (March 31 to April 4, 1996).

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F Henry, Tamara. "Helping the Middle Class Afford College." USA Today (August 11, 1993).

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F Henry, Tamara and Mimi Hall. "The Economics of Education." Experts give tax credit mixed marks. USA Today (June 6, 1996).

W Henry, Tamara. "Congress, Education Officials at Odds on College Cost Controls." USA Today (May 29, 1997).

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* Hesel, Richard and David Strauss. "How Much is Enough? Using Financial Aid to Maximize Net Tuition Revenue." Presentation at June 1994 Cooperstown Institute. Baltimore, MD: Art and Science Group, Inc. (1994).

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S Hines, Edward R. State Higher Education Appropriations 1992-93. Denver, CO: State Higher Education Executive Officers (March 1993).

S Hines, Edward R. State Higher Education Appropriations 1994-95. Denver, CO: State Higher Education Executive Officers (March 1995).

S Hines, Edward R. "State Higher Education Appropriations: A Retrospective of Fiscal Year 1995." Grapevine (November-December 1994).

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* Hodgkinson, Harold L. "Looking at Data: Projections for the Future" and "Reading the Demographics: You and the Numbers." Presentation at NYU School of Education meeting of the Community College Institute: The Uses of Data for Academic and Institutional Planning. Audio tape and supporting documents (June 13, 1994).

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G Hoenack, Stephen A. and Eileen L. Collins, eds. The Economics of American Universities: Management, Operations, and Fiscal Environment. State University of New York Press (1990).

I Hoffmann, Richard D.R. "Global Lending" The Greentree Gazette (November 2001).

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S, W Honan, William H. "State Universities Reshaped In the Era of Budget Cutting." New York Times (February 22, 1995). Also see Student Report (class file)

* Honan, William H. "A Decade and a Billion Dollars Put New York U. in First Rank." New York Times (March 20, 1995).

Honan, William H. "College Fees And Tuition Increase 6%." New York Times (September 29, 1995).

* Honan, William H. "Income Found to Predict Education Level Better Than Race." A researcher says financial aid could level the field. New York Times (June 17, 1996).

W Honan, William H. "The Ivory Tower Under Siege." Everyone else downsized; why not the academy? New York Times (January 4, 1998).

F, W Honan, William H. "Panel Suggests Ways to Trim Cost of College." New York Times (January 22, 1998).

I Honan, William H. "For Many Foreign Students, U.S. Colleges Cost Too Much." New York Times (September 27, 1998).

W Honan, William H. "Some Colleges Are Trimming Tuition Costs." The New York Times (February 3, 1999).

F Honan, William H. "Growing Gap Is Found in College Affordability and Grants to Needy Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 18, 1998).

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S Hovey, H.A. State Spending of Higher Education in the Next Decade. State policy research for the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education (1999). Student Report only (class file).

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* Huber, Richard M. How Professors Play the Cat Guarding the Cream: Why We're Paying More and Getting Less in Higher Education. Fairfax, VA: George Mason University Press (1992).

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G, * Hubbell, Loren Loomis. "Tuition Discounting Is on the Rise." Results of a NACUBO Study of Independent Institutions. NACUBO Business Officer (February 1995).

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* Immerwahr, John. "The Price of Admission--The Growing Importance of Higher Education." A National Survey of Americans' Views Conducted and Reported by Public Agenda. The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education (Spring 1998).

F,* Immerwahr, John. Taking Responsibility---Leaders' Expectations of Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education (January 1999).

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Institute for Higher Education Policy and The Education Resources Institute (TERI). Do Grants Matter? Student Grant Aid and College Affordability. Washington, D.C.: IHEP (1998).

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D Institute for Higher Education Policy. What's the Difference?. A Review of Contemporary Research on the Effectiveness of Distance Learning in Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: IHEP (April 1999).

F Institute for Higher Education Policy. "The Policy of Choice: Expanding Students Options in Higher Education." Washington, D.C.: IHEP (August 2002).

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* Jasper, James M. "Why So Many Academics are Lousy Writers." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 26, 2002).

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Jepsen, Keith J., E. James Maxey, and Joe B. Henry. "Student Expenditure Patterns." Journal of Student Financial Aid, 3:3, pp. 3-9 (November 1973).

F, R Jepsen, Keith. "Direct Lending: How to Improve Implementation." Report prepared under contract to the National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education. 47 pages. New York, NY: New York University (March 1993). Summary available from ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. Choose "Search ERIC" and select "Keyword" for settings: ERIC number--ED372674, or Author--Jepsen.

F, * Jepsen, Keith et al. "Direct Loan and FFEL: One School Compares Student Satisfaction with the Programs." NASFAA Journal of Student Financial Aid, Vol. 27, No. 2 (Spring 1997). Summary available from ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. Choose "Search ERIC" and select "Keyword" for settings: ERIC number--ED403852, or Author--Jepsen.

Jepsen, Keith. "Incubating a Global Financial Aid Strategy." The Greentree Gazette (March 1998).

Jepsen, Keith. "How Families Pay for College." Legislative Staff Conference hosted by the Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities (cIcu). Hyde Park, NY (October 22, 1998).

Jepsen, Keith. "Modernization of Student Loans." Conference sponsored by NASFAA, AACRAO, and HEWI -- "The Coming Revolution in Student Aid Delivery: Reauthorization and Reinvention Initiatives and Implications for Student Services." Arlington, VA (November 2, 1998).

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F Jesdanun, Anick. "House Education Chairman Vows to Curb Tuition Costs." Centre Daily Times, State College, PA (January 6, 1997).

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Johnstone, D. Bruce. New Patterns for College Lending: Income Contingent Loans. (From Profs. James Hearn and David Longanecker, University of Minnesota, Spring 1983).

I, * Johnstone, D. Bruce. Sharing the Costs of Higher Education. The College Board (1986).
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Johnstone, D. Bruce. "Enhancing the Productivity of Learning." AAHE Bulletin (December 1993).

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I Johnstone, D. Bruce. "The United States." In ASHE Reader on Finance in Higher Education, pp. 227-247. Lexington, MA: Ginn Press (1994). Also see Student Report (class file).

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* Kantrowitz, Mark. "'$6.6 Billion in Unclaimed Aid' Myth Debunked." Press release. See adapted article for Student Aid Transcript (Spring 1996).

* Kantrowitz, Mark and Doug Hardy. College Gold: The Step-by-Step Guide to Paying for College. HarperCollins (September 2006).

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F Kim, Jane J. "Interest Rates Fall For Student Loans Despite Fed Move." The Wall Street Journal (July 6, 2004).

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* Kipp III, Samuel. "Financing Higher Education and Paying for College: Preserving Opportunity in the Twenty-First Century." Prepared for the National Council of Higher Education Loan Programs in Preparation for the 1997 Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act. Kipp Research and Consulting (June 10, 1996).

F Kipp III, Samuel. "Demographic Trends and Their Impact on the Future of the Pell Grant Program." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14, 1997).

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R Konrad, Walecia. "Investing For College." In Smart Money, pp. 114-127 (May 1995).

Koplik, Stanley Z. Testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities For Financing Postsecondary Education Wichita State University, Kansas (January 15, 1992).

F Koselka, Rita and Suzanne Oliver. "Why The Department of Education Shouldn't Take Over the Student Loan Program." Forbes (May 22, 1995).

Kramer, Martin A. "Changing Roles in Higher Education Finance." Unpublished paper prepared for the National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education (March 1992). Student Report only (class file).

Kramer, Martin A. "A Decade of Growth in Student Assistance." In Froomkin (ed.) The Crisis in Higher Education, pp. 61-71 (see Froomkin).
Bobst: H31.A3 vol. 35 no. 2

Kramer, Martin A. "Toward A More Stable Allocation of Financing Roles." In Financing Higher Education in the 21st Century. National Commission on Responsiblities for Financing Postsecondary Education (April 1993).

Kramer, Martin A. and William Van Dusen. "Living on Credit." In Change magazine, vol. 18, no. 3 (May/June 1986).

F Kramer, Martin. "Linking Access and Aspirations: The Dual Purpose of Pell Grants." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14, 1997).

KRC Research and Consulting. Students in Debt: Attitudes and Behavior of College Students Toward Borrowing Money. Prepared for Sallie Mae Education Institute and American Council on Education (February 1998).

Kronholz, June. "Merit Scholarships Expand As College Expenses Climb." The Wall Street Journal (September 23, 2002).

* Kronholz, June. "U.S. Universities Face Turbulent Times Ahead." The Wall Street Journal (March 1, 2005).

Krueger, Alan B. "Better Pay for a Better College? Not Really." The New York Times (April 27, 2000). See also study: Estimating the Payoff to Attending a More Selective College: An Application of Selection on Observables and Unobservables. See also Altschuler, Glenn C.

I Kwong, J. "Canadian Universities in an Age of Austerity: Moving Towards The Business Model." Oxford Review of Education, Vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 65-75 (1993). Student Report only (class file).

I Labi, Aisha. "British Proposal to Increase Tuition Meets Opposition From Left and Right." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 9, 2004).

I Labi, Aisha. "Parliament Approves Hotly Disputed Bill to Allow Higher Tuition in Britain." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 2, 2004).

I Labi, Aisha. "U.S. Policy on Loan Debt Punishes Students, Says Report Analyzing Student Debt in 8 Nations." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 9, 2005).

I, * Labi, Aisha. "Europe Is Falling Behind U.S. and Asia in Higher Education, Report Warns." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 15, 2006).

I Labi, Aisha. "Report Notes How 30 Nations Handle Higher-Education Costs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 10, 2008).

I Ladika, Susan. "Austria Proposes Major Changes for University Governance." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 15, 2001).

Lane, Frederick S. "Higher Education is Losing It." NYSFAAA Newsletter (November 1992)

Langfitt, T.W. "The Cost of Higher Education. Lessons to Learn from the Health Care Industry." Change magazine, #22 (6), pp. 8-15. (1990).
Bobst: LB2300.C38

* Lapovsky, Lucie and Loren Loomis Hubbell. Tuition Discounting Continues To Grow. According to NACUBO's 13th annual survey of independent institutions, tuition discounting is evolving into a critical component of enrollment management plans, absorbing additional resources each year. NACUBO (March 2003).

Lawrence, Clayton. "Who Should Finance Higher Education - Public and/or Private Support?" NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (December 1990).

Lawrence, Michael. "Students Lash Back At Tuition Hike." U.: The National College Newspaper (Spring 1992).

S Layzell, Daniel T. and Jan W. Lyddon. Budgeting for Higher Education at the State Level: Enigma, Paradox and Ritual, Washington D.C.: ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report #4 (1990). Also see Student Report (class file).
Bobst: LB2342.4.U6L39 1990

F Lederman, Douglas. "Aid for Whom?" Clinton proposes new merit scholarships, but some question his priorities. The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 2, 1996).

F Lederman, Douglas. "Republican Lawmakers Seek to Extend Prepaid-Tuition Tax Break to Private Colleges." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 16, 1998).

* Lederman, Douglas. "The 'Crisis' in Higher Ed Financing." Inside Higher Education (November 4, 2005).

S Lederman, Douglas. "California's Low Tuition Model Questioned." Inside Higher Education (March 7, 2007).

* Lee, J. "College Costs and Tuition: What Are the Issues?" (RR 88:2) Proceedings from a national invitational conference. Research report published by National Center for Postsecondary Governance and Finance, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

* Lee, J. "The Equity of Higher Education Subsidies." (RR 87:1) Research report published by National Center for Postsecondary Governance and Finance, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

Lee, J. and M. Sango-Jordan. "NPSAS Evidence on the Distribution of Direct Student Subsidies to Undergraduates." (RR 89:7) Research report published by National Center for Postsecondary Governance and Finance, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

Lee, John. "Changes in College Participation Rates and Student Financial Assistance: 1969, 1974, 1981." Paper by Applied Systems Institute for the National Commission on Student Financial Assistance, review draft (January 1983).

F Lee, John. "The Impact of Pell Grants on Student Persistence." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14, 1997).

W Lee, Susan and Daniel Roth. "Educonomics." Forbes (November 18, 1996).

Leifer, Robert and Anna. Don't Miss Out: The Ambitious Student's Guide to Financial Aid. 20th Edition; Octameron Associates (1996).

W Lennington, R.L. Managing Higher Education as a Business. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press/ACE (1996). Student Report only (class file).

Leonard, Herman B. "Keeping College Within Reach: Five Strategies to Help the Disadvantaged." The College Board Review, No. 152 (Summer 1989).
Bobst: LB2353.C56

* Leslie, Larry and Crary. "The Private Costs of Postsecondary Education." Journal of Education Finance (Summer 1978).
Bobst: LB2825.J68

Leslie, Larry L. and Conrad. "Higher Education in the 1980's: Examining the Conventional Wisdom." The College Board Review (Winter 1985-86).
Bobst: LB2353.C56

Leslie, Larry L. and G. Ramey. "State Appropriations and Enrollments: Does Growth Still Pay?" Journal of Higher Education, #57 (1), pp. 1-19. (1986).
Bobst: LB2301.J8

R Leslie, Larry L. and Paul T. Brinkman. The Economic Value of Higher Education New York: ACE/MacMillan (1988).
Bobst: LC67.62.L47 1988

Leslie, Larry L. and Paul T. Brinkman. "Student Price Response in Higher Education." In Journal of Higher Education. Vol. 58, No. 2 (March/April 1987).

Leslie, Larry L. and Paul T. Brinkman. "Rates of Return to Higher Education: An Intensive Examination. Higher Education Handbook of Theory and Research Volume II. New York: Agathon Press (1986). Also see Student Report (class file).

G, R, * Leslie, Larry L. and Richard E. Anderson (eds.) ASHE Reader on Finance in Higher Education (1990 edition). Lexington, MA: Ginn Press (1990).
Bobst: LB2342.A76 1990

Levin, Henry M. "Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Educational Research." In Guttentag and Struening (see Guttentag).
Bobst: H62.H2454

Levin, Henry M. "Raising Productivity in Higher Education." Journal of Higher Education, #62 (3), pp. 241-262 (1991). Also see Student Report (class file).
Bobst: LB2301.J6 V 1-44 Micro 36-61, 62-

Levin, Henry M. "What Are the Returns on a College Education?" In Peltason and Massengale (see Peltason).

Levin, Henry M. Cost-Effectiveness: A Primer. Beverly Hills: Sage (1983)
Bobst: HD47.4.L48 1983

W, * Levine, Arthur E. "The Future of Colleges: 9 Inevitable Changes." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 27, 2000).

I, * Levy, Daniel. "Private Versus Public Financing of Higher Education: U.S. Policy in Comparative Perspective." Higher Education #11, pp. 607-628 (1982). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB2300.H53 V 1- 1972-

Levy, Frank. "Paying for College: A New Look at Family Income Trends." The College Board Review, No. 152 (Summer 1989).

Levy, Frank. Dollars and Dreams: The Changing American Income Distribution. W.W. Norton (1989).
Bobst: HC110.I5L47 1987

S Lewin, Tamar. "Study Gives States Low Marks in Making College Affordable." The New York Times (October 2, 2002). See report at measuringup.highereducation.org and related article at chronicleOct1102.pdf.

I Lewington, Jennifer. "Canada Proposes Major Changes in Financing." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 19, 1994).

I Lewington, Jennifer. "Canada Revamps How It Allocates Funds for Colleges." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 31, 1995).

I Lewington, Jennifer. "Canadian Educators Are Pleased With Proposed Federal Budget." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 28, 1997).

I Lewington, Jennifer. "Canada Promises Improvements in Financial Aid Program for Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 16, 1998).

I Lewington, Jennifer. "Canada Will Give Billions to Students in Scholarships and Tax Breaks." Move comes in response to recent increases in tuition and growing indebtedness. The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 6, 1998).

I Lewington, Jennifer. "Debt Levels Rising for Canadian Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 18, 1998).

F Lipsky, David. "Young, Eager, and Deep in Debt." New York Times (December 29, 1994).

R Litten, Larry H. Issues in Pricing Undergraduate Education.
Bobst: LB 2342.I84 1984

Litten, Larry H. Ivy Bound: High-Ability Students and College Choice. New York: The College Board (1991). Also see Student Report (class file).

Lively, Kit and Joye Mercer. "Little Relief in Sight: Higher Education and The States." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 6, 1993).

* Lively, Kit. "State Colleges Grapple With Tough Decisions on How to Downsize." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 3, 1993).

Lively, Kit. "State Spending on Student Aid Rebounds Sharply, Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education. (April 7, 1993).

* Lively, Kit. "Florida's Governor Asks Higher Education Officials to Prepare 'Privatization' Plan for University System." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 22, 1993).

Lively, Kit. "State Support for Public Colleges Up 2% This Year." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 27, 1993).

* Lively, Kit. "'Incentive Financing' for Colorado's Colleges." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 2, 1994).

Lively, Kit. "$42.8 Billion for Public Colleges: State appropriations for fiscal 1994-95 show biggest increase since recession began." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 19, 1994).

S Lively, Kit. "Better Days in the States." Spending on higher eduction rises, but still the growth barely outpaces inflation. The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 20, 1995).

Lively, Kit. "Moody's Warns of Deepening Financial Divide Among Private Colleges." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 22, 1999).

F Long, Bridget Terry. "The Impact of Federal Tax Credits for Higher Education Expenses." Chicago: University of Chicago Press and the National Bureau of Economic Research (September 4, 2003).

Longanecker, David A. "Public Cost of Tuition Tax Credits." Project Report TTC-10, Institute for Research on Educational Finance and Governance, Stanford University (1982).

Longanecker, David A. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, July 15, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Lopez, Mike. "Public Higher Education Access and Affordability--A Response." Journal of Student Financial Aid (Winter 1993).

* Lubman, Sarah. "A 'Student of Value' Means a Student Who Can Pay The Rising Cost of College." Wall Street Journal (January 5, 1994).

Lubman, Sarah. "The Tradition of Need-Blind Admissions Is Starting to Die." Wall Street Journal (January 5, 1994).

G Luciano, Lani. "How to Cut Your College Costs in Half." In Money Guide special issue: Best College Buys (1994 edition).

S Lumina Foundation for Education. Unequal Opportunity: Disparities in College Access Among the 50 States. Indianapolis, IN: Lumina Foundation (2002).

I Lyall, Sarah. "British College Students Face a New Test: Tuition." New York Times (July 24, 1997).

F Macro International Inc. Direct Loan Evaluation--Survey of Institutions Participating in the Federal Direct Loan and Federal Family Education Loan Programs: Academic Year 1995-96. Volume One--Summary Report. Calverton, MD: Macro International Inc. (1997).

F Macro International Inc. Direct Loan Evaluation--Survey of Institutions Participating in the Federal Direct Loan and Federal Family Education Loan Programs: Academic Year 1995-96. Volume Two--Technical Appendices. Calverton, MD: Macro International Inc. (1997).

F Macro International Inc. Direct Loan Evaluation--Assessment of Department of Education Administration: Academic Year 1996-97. Volume Two--Summary Report. Calverton, MD: Macro International Inc. (September 1997).

Macy, Beth. From Rusty Wire Fences to Wrought-Iron Gates. How the Poor Succeed in Getting to -- and through -- College. Washington, D.C.: The College Board (January 2000).

I MacWilliams, Bryon. "In Russia, a Loan Program Vanishes, Leaving Students Scrambling." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 7, 2001).

Magner, Denise K. "Administration and Faculty Are at War Over How to Rescue University of Bridgeport From Its Daunting Financial Problems." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 5, 1990).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro V 1- 1966-

Magner, Denise K. "Colleges Debate Benefits of Early-Retirement Plans as a Way to Shrink Budgets and Avoid Layoffs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 29, 1992).

Maguire, John J. Financial Aid and the Middle Income Squeeze--Institutional Research, New Response to New Demands. College Park, PA: Northeast Association of Institutional Research (1978).

I Mahony, David. "The Demise of the University in a Nation of Universities: Effects of Current Changes in Higher Education in Australia." In Higher Education, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 455-472 (1990). Student Report only (class file).

Mangan, Katherine S. "Hahnemann U. Angers Faculty With Threat to Fire Those Who Don't Attract Grant Money." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 5, 1994).

Manley, Regina. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, September 12, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

* Manning, Robert D. Credit Cards on Campus: Costs and Consequences of Student Debt. Washington, D.C.: Consumer Federation of America (1999).

Marchese, Ted. "Costs and Quality." Change magazine (May/June 1990).
Bobst: LB2300.C38 V 17- Micro 1984-

Marchese, Ted. "TQM Reaches the Academy." AAHE Bulletin (November 1991).

F Marcy, Mary B. "Why Foundations Have Cut Back in Higher Education" The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 25, 2003).

Margolin, Judith B. "Loans." Financing a College Education: The Essential Guide for the 90's." Plenum Press (1989). Student Report only (class file).

S Margulies, Jonathan. "Grading the States." -- Group's second "report card" finds some improvement since 2000, but still awards many C's. The New York Times (October 11, 2002). See report at measuringup.highereducation.org and related article at nytimesOct0202.pdf.

Marriott, Michael. "College Tuition Costs Increase at Slower Pace." The New York Times, September 27, 1990. p. A20.
Bobst: Newspaper Micro 1857-

F Marron, Donald. "The Simple Economics of Student Loan Crises." The Wall Street Pit, September 15, 2009.

Marsh, Andrea C. "Reality Check: Fiscal Woes Are Forcing Private Colleges and Universities Around the Country to Do More Than Just Pinch Pennies." Syracuse University Magazine (June, 1992).

Marshall, Will and Martin Schram. Mandate For Change. New York: Berkley Publishing (1993).

Martinez, Monica R. "A Case Study: The Tuition Assistance Program - The Role of Higher Education Associations in State Policy for Colleges and Universities." NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (undated).

Martorana, S.V. and J.L. Wattenbarger, eds. Principles, Practices and Alternatives in State Methods of Financing Community Colleges and an Approach to their Evaluation, with Pennsylvania a Case State. University Park: Pennsylvania State University, Center for the Study of Higher Education (1978).

I Maslen, Geoffrey. "Australia Allocates a Record $12-Billion for Higher Education." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 19, 1995).

I Maslen, Geoffrey. "Controversial Report Calls for Abolition of Government Control of Australia's Universities." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 21, 1997).

Mason and Alfano. "Innovations in University Finance: A Growing Necessity and Intelligent Tool." Research in Higher Education, Vol. 24, No. 4.
Bobst: LB2300.R47N V 1- 1973-

Massy, William F. "Why Stanford Seeks Long-Run Financial Equilibrium by 1979-80." Stanford Campus Report, pp. 7-11 (November 27, 1974).

Massy, William F. and Andrea K. Wilger. "Productivity in Postsecondary Education: A New Approach." Working paper #18. Los Angeles: Center for Research in Education Finance, University of Southern California (November 1991).

W Massy, William F. "Improving Strategies for Administration and Support Services." In Anderson and Meyerson (eds) Productivity and Higher Education: Improving the Effectiveness of Faculty, Facilities, and Financial Resources. Peterson's Guides, Inc. (1992).

Matejka, Larry. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, September 12, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

F, * Mattox Jr., William. "A Gap Girl Goes to College on Uncle Sam." USA Today (January 14, 1997).

Mayer, Neal M. "Funding Education: By the Year 2010, You May Need A HEAP For College." Kenyon College Alumni Bulletin, Volume 15, Number 3 (August 1992).

McAdam Group, Inc. "House Questions High Cost of College." Fed Notes. Washington, D.C.. September 18, 1992.

McCaffrey, Karen. "Public Higher Education and State Financing." NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (December 1990).

S McCall, H. Carl. "New York State's Higher Education Policy Vacuum." Report from Office of the State Comptroller. Albany, NY: State Comptroller (September 1998).

McCarthy, J.R. and E.R. Hines. "Public and Private Funding of U.S. Higher Education, 1840-1985." Values in Conflict: Funding Priorities for Higher Education (1986).

McCormick, Joe L. "The Direct Loan Demonstration Program: An Analysis of the Legislative Process Involving Federal Student Loan Policy." Doctoral dissertation, University of Texas (1993).

F McCormick, Joe L. "The Role of the Federal Government in Student Financial Aid: A History." In Journal of Student Financial Aid, no. 11 (May 1972).

S McGuinness Jr., Aims C. "The States' Role in Financing Higher Education: A Perspective." In Hauptman, Arthur M. and Robert H. Koff New Ways of Paying for College, pp. 184-198. (See Hauptman). American Council on Education/MacMillan series in Higher Education, NY (1991). Student Report only (class file).

S McGuinness Jr., Aims C. Alternatives for the Future Funding of Higher Education: The Role of the States. Brookings Institution Conference on Changing Roles and Responsibilities in Financing Higher Education, Washington, D.C. (December 1988).

McGuinness, A.L. "The Federal Government and Postsecondary Education." In Altbach and Berdahl (see Altbach).
Bobst: LA228.H5

McKenna, Barbara. "The National Service Trust Fund." On Campus, vol. 12, no. 5 (February 1993). Also Student Report (class file).

F McKeon, Howard P. "Controlling the Price of College." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 11, 2003).

McKeown, Mary P. and Kern Alexander. Values In Conflict: Funding Priorities for Higher Education.

McMillen, Liz. "To Boost Quality and Cut Costs, Oregon State U. Adopts a Customer-Orented Approach to Campus Services." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 6, 1991).

McPherson, Michael S. "The Economics of Education." NASSGP/NCHELP research report (Spring 1993).

McPherson, Michael S. "How Can We Tell if Federal Student Aid is Working?" New York: The College Board (May 1988).

McPherson, Michael S. "The Demand for Higher Education." In Breneman and Finn (eds.) Public Policy and Private Higher Education (see Breneman).
Bobst: LC173.P82

G, R, * McPherson, Michael S. and Owen Schapiro. Keeping College Affordable: Government and Educational Opportunity. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution (1991).
Bobst: LB2337.4.M3. 1991

McPherson, Michael S. and Owen Schapiro. "The Student Finance System for Undergraduate Education: How Well Does It Work?" Change magazine (May/June 1991).

McPherson, Michael S. and Owen Schapiro. "The Search for Morality in Financial Aid." Academe (Nov/Dec 1993). Student Report only (class file).

McPherson, Michael S. et al. "Recent Trends in U.S. Higher Education Costs and Prices: The Role of Government Funding." Economics of the Education Industry, AEA Papers and Proceedings. Vol. 79, No. 2 (May 1989).

McPherson, Michael S. and Gordon C. Winston. "The Economics of Cost, Price and Quality in U.S. Higher Education." American Higher Education: Purposes, Problems and Public Perceptions. Queenstown, Maryland: The Aspen Institute (1992).

McPherson, Michael S. and Owen Schapiro. "College Choice and Family Income: Changes Over Time in the Higher Education Destinations of Students From Different Income Backgrounds." Discussion paper, Williams Project on the Economics of Higher Education (November 1994).

G McPherson, Michael S. "Federal Student Aid Policy: Can We Learn from Experience?" In McPherson, Michael S. and G. Winston Paying the Piper: Productivity, Incentives, and Financing in U.S. Higher Education. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (1993). Student Report only (class file).

F McPherson, Michael S. and Morton Owen Schapiro. "Priorities for Federal Student Aid Policy: Looking Beyond Pell." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14,1997).

* McPherson, Michael S. and Morton Owen Schapiro. The Student Aid Game. Meeting Need and Rewarding Talent in American Higher Education. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press (1998). Also see Student Report (class file).

F McPherson, Michael S. and Morton Owen Schapiro. "Gaining Control of the Free-for-All in Financial Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 2, 1999).

W McPherson, Michael S. and Morton Owen Schapiro. "Preparing for Hard Times Shows Wisdom, Not Pessimism." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 20, 2001).

McPherson, Michael S. and Morton Owen Schapiro. "Public Colleges Should Save for a Rainy Day." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 2003).

Meisinger, Richard J. and Leroy W. Dubeck. College and University Budgeting: An Introduction for Faculty and Academic Administrators. Washington, D.C.: National Association of College and University Business Officers (1984). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB2342.M43 1984

W Mendels, Pamela. "Report Examines How Technology May Change Higher Education." The New York Times (May 27, 1998).

W Mendels, Pamela. "Recruiting Foreign Students via the Internet." New York Times (August 19, 1998).

Mercer, Joye. "Pa. Private Colleges Lobby Fiercely Against Governor's Plan to Cut Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 27, 1992).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro V 1- 1966-

Mercer, Joye. "10 States Offer Tuition Waivers to At-Risk Students in Effort to Keep Them in School and Out of Trouble." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 14, 1992).

Mercer, Joye. "Extending 'HOPE' in Georgia." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 3, 1993).

S Mercer, Joye. "States Weigh bills to End Colleges' Tax-Exempt Status." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 23, 1994).

G Mercer, Joye and Julie L. Nicklin. "Howard University Lays Off 400 in Effort to Reduce Its $6.9 Million Deficit." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 16, 1994).

Mercer, Joye. "'Procurement Cards' Help Colleges Reduce Paperwork and Delays in Purchasing." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 6, 1995).

G Mercer, Joye. "Panel Seeks Overhaul of College Financing." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 27, 1995).

W Mercer, Joye. "Contracting Out; Colleges are turning to private vendors for more and more campus services." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 7, 1995).

R Merisotis, Jamie P. "An Inventory of Innovative Financing Plans to Help Pay for Higher Education." In A. Hauptman and R. Koff (eds.) New Ways of Paying for College. New York: ACE/Macmillan (1991).
Bobst: LB2337.4.N49. 1991 ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Merisotis, Jamie P. "Diverse Perspectives Presented at Second Regional Hearing." Press release, The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education. Washington, D.C. (September 16, 1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Merisotis, Jamie P. (ed.). The Changing Dimensions of Student Aid, #74, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1991 Summer).
Bobst: LB2331.72.N48 no. 74

Merisotis, Jamie P. Federal Regulations Affecting Higher Education. Paper prepared by The Institute for Higher Education Policy. Washington, D.C.: NAICU (January 1994).

Merisotis, Jamie P. "Match Revenue Scenarios With Long-Term, Strategic Goals." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 2003).

R Merrill Lynch & Co. The Book of Knowledge. Investing in the Growing Education and Training Industry. Report (April 1999).

R Merril Lynch & Co. The Knowledge Web. The e-Knowledge Industry. Report (May 2000).

Mertes, David. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, July 15, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

I, W Michels, Stevin A. "Acheiving Efficiency in the Finance of Higher Education: A Goal for Government, Business, and Society." NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

Miles, Barbara and Dennis Zimmerman. Federal Family Education Loans: Reduced Costs, Direct Lending and National Income. CRS Report for Congress. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service (February 22, 1993).

* Miller, Elizabeth I. "Parents' Views on the Value of a College Education and How They Will Pay for It." Journal of Student Financial Aid (NASFAA), Volume 27, Number 1 (Winter 1997).

W Miller, Richard A. "Parental Plans and Actions to Finance Higher Education." Journal of Student Financial Aid (NASFAA), Volume 26, Number 1 (Winter 1996).

Miller, L.B. "Pol: Make Students Repay Aid Grants." New York Post (May 17, 1993).

Mingle, James R. Testimony before the National Symposium on Financing Higher Education in the 21st Century, Sponsored by the National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Higher Education June 16, 1992. Washington, D.C. (1992).

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Mingle, James R. "Goals for Federal/State Policy in the 21st Century: Affordability, Mobility, and Learning Productivity." Paper commissioned for the National Conference on the Best Ways for the Federal Government to Help Students and Families Finance Higher Education (October 8, 1995).

Minnesota Higher Education Coordinating Board. A Recommended Tuition Policy for Minnesota Public Postsecondary Education (1982).

Minnesota Higher Education Coordinating Board. An Overview of the Design for Shared Responsibility in Minnesota's Student Financial Aid System (1982).

Minnesota Higher Education Coordinating Board. Interim Report of Task Force on Future Funding (1982).

S Minnesota Higher Education Coordinating Board. The Final Report of the Task Force on the Future Funding of Postsecondary Education, part VI (January 1983).

Minter, John et al. Ratio Analysis in Higher Education. New York: Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Co. (1982).

Mintz, Marcia B. "Who Pays The Tuition?" (A Working Paper). Boston, MA: Cambridge Associates, Inc. (April 1996).

Monaghan, Peter. "Researchers Note Correlation Between Students' Race and Willingness to Take On College Loans." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 13, 2001).

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1991 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1990).
Bobst: HG179.M59 Micro 1-19, 20-

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1992 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1991).

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1993 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1992).

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1994 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1993).

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1995 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1994).

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1996 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1995).

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1997 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1996).

Money Guide. Best College Buys--1998 edition. New York: Time Inc. (September 1997).

Moore, Donald R. Financial Aid Officers: What They Do to You and For You. Alexandria, VA: Octameron (1990).

I Mora, J.G. and Adela Garcia. "Private Costs of Higher Education in Spain." European Journal of Education, 34 (1), pages 95-110. Student Report only (class file).

Morgan, A.W. "The New Strategies: Roots, Context and Overview." Responding to New Realities in Funding: New Directions in Institutional Research (L. Leslie, ed.), #43. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1984).
Bobst: LB2342.R47. 1984

S Morgan, Richard. "New York Governor Proposes Delay in Some Need-Based Financial Aid as Graduation Incentive." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 23, 2002).

S Morgan, Richard. "Students at Public Colleges Brace for Large Tuition Increases." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 22, 2002).

F Morgan, Richard. "Federal Aid Policies Fail to Provide Real Choices for Low-Income Students, Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 8, 2002).

F, * Morgan, Richard. "Lawmakers and Educators Spar Over College Costs and Federal Student Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 4, 2002).

Morrell. "Strategic Planning for Colleges and Universities." The College Board Review (Summer 1986).
Bobst: LB2353.C56

Morrison, Peter. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, July 15, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Attitudes of Americans Toward Borrowing to Finance Educational Expenses 1959-1983."

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Higher Education Squeezed out in State Budgets Again in FY 1993." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (March 1993).

Mortenson, Thomas G. Missing College Attendance Costs: Opportunity, Financing and Risk. ACT Student Financial Aid Research Report Series, #89-3. Iowa City: ACT (1989).

Mortenson, Thomas G. The Reallocation of Financial Aid From Poor to Middle Income and Affluent Students: 1978 to 1990. ACT Student Financial Aid Research Report Series, #90-2. Iowa City: ACT (May 1990).

S Mortenson, Thomas G. "The State Record and Outlook for Fiscal Year 1994 for Financing Postsecondary Education Opportunity." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (December 1992).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Public Flagship Tuitions Up 9 Percent in FY1993 and 43 Percent Over Last Four Years." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (April 1993).

S Mortenson, Thomas G. "The Vermont Model of Financing Higher Education Opportunity." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (February 1993). Also see Student Report (class file).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Tuition's Share of Expenditures for Student Education in Higher Education Rose Sharply During 1980s." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (July 1992).

S Mortenson, Thomas G. "State Student Financial Aid Reached Record Levels in 1992-93." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (June 1993).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "What's it Worth?" Postsecondary Education Opportunity (September 1993).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Washington State Examines Subsidy Distribution by Family Income in Public Institutions." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (October 1993).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Income Advantage of College Graduates Over High School Graduates Greatest in More Than 40 Years." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (November 1993).

G Mortenson, Thomas G. "Shifting Responsibilities for Financing Higher Education from Government to Individuals." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (January 1994).

F, S Mortenson, Thomas G. "State Appropriations for FY94 and FY95: Better for Higher Education But Still Not a High State Priority." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (February 1994).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Earnings by Educational Attainment, Gender, Race/Ethnicity and State, 1989." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (May 1994).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "State Colleges and Universities Share of State Government Expenditures Declined Further in 1992." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (June 1994).

F, S Mortenson, Thomas G. "Restructuring Higher Education Finance: Shifting Financial Responsibility from Government to Students." Paper from the Eleventh Annual Financial Aid Research Network Conference of the National Association of State Scholarship and Grant Programs and the National Council of Higher Education Loan Programs. San Francisco (April 7, 1994).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Earnings by Educational Attainment, 1992." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (October 1994).

* Mortenson, Thomas G. "I Worked My Way Through College. You Should Too." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (February 1995).

F, G, S Mortenson, Thomas G. "Updating the Refinancing of Higher Education through the National Income and Product Accounts." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (February 1995).

F Mortenson, Thomas G. "Student Price Response Coefficients." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (June 1995).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "The Growing Importance of Financial Considerations in College Choice 1980 to 1994." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (August 1995).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Educational Attainment by Family Income, 1970 to 1994." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (November 1995).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "Applicants for Title IV Federal Student Financial Aid, 1974 to 1994." Postsecondary Education Opportunity (December 1995).

Mortenson, Thomas G. "The Public Policy Dilemmas of Financing and Marketing Opportunity for Postsecondary Education." Report to Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. Washington, D.C. (April 27, 1997).

F Mulhauser, Dana. "Student Aid Rose Sharply Over the Past Four Years, Study Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 31, 2001).

Mullen, J. Michael. "How Will States Meet the Rising Costs of Higher Education?" Educational Record, pp. 8-25. (1988 Summer/Fall).
Bobst: L11.E235 V 1- Micro 47-71, 72

Mullen, J. Michael. "College Costs and the State Role in Higher Education Funding." Educational Record. (Summer/Fall 1988). Also see Student Report (class file).

G Mumper, Michael. "The Problem of College Affordability: A Review of Recent Literature on Potential Solutions." Journal of Student Financial Aid (Spring 1993). Student Report only (class file).

R Mundel, D.S. "Whose Education Should Society Support?" In Solmon and Taubman (eds.) Does College Matter? (see Solmon).
Bobst: LC66D63

Murdock, Tullisse. "Financial Aid and Persistence: An Integrative Review of the Literature." In NASPA Journal, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Spring 1990). Student Report only (class file).

National Association of College Guidance Admission Counselors (NACAC). "College Admission Officials Say Financial Need Is Non-Issue." Student Aid News (September 30, 1994).

National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO). The Financial Management of Intercollegiate Athletics Programs. Paper prepared for the NACUBO Athletic Programs Advisory Committee. Washington, D.C.: NACUBO (1993).

National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO). 1996 Tuition Discount Executive Summary. Washington, D.C.: NACUBO (1997).

National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO). Explaining College Costs: NACUBO's Methodology for Identifying the Costs of Delivering Undergraduate Education. Washington, D.C.: NACUBO (February 2002).

* National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities (NAICU). "Ten Facts About Tuition at Independent Colleges and Universities." Washington, D.C.: NAICU (February 1997).

* National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities (NAICU). "A Commitment to Affordability." A Survey of Budget Priorities at Independent Colleges and Universities. Washington, D.C.: NAICU (February 1997).

S National Association of State Student Grant and Aid Programs (NASSGAP). Annual NASSGAP Survey Reports. State Funded Scholarship/Grant Programs for Students to Attend Postsecondary Education Institutions. Albany, NY: NYSHESC.

* National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA). Reference Guide: Meeting the Challenge Of Student Financial Aid. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (1995).

National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA). Characteristics and Attitudes of the Financial Aid Administrator. A Report on the Survey of the Profession in 1977. Washington D.C. (1978).

National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA). "Need Analysis: Does It Still Work?" A Report on the NASFAA Regional Forums. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (June 1995).

National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA). Federal Student Financial Aid: A National Profile of Programs in Title IV of the Higher Education Act. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (2000).

S National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA). Chart of State College Savings Plans. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (February 2002).

F, * National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA). "What are Politicians Doing about the High Cost of College?; Bush Administration, Democrats Get New Lessons in Politics of Higher Education; Good News About Who is Going to College." Transcript of CNN's "Inside Politics" Program on Postsecondary Education. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (May 3, 2002).

F National Center for EducationStatistics (NCES). The Condition of Education. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education. (See also nces.ed.gov/programs/coe for updates, etc.).

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Digest of Education Statistics. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education.

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). "Parental Views on Student Financial Aid." NCES Bulletin (March 1982). Student Report only (class file).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). National Postsecondary Student Aid Study 1995-96: Student Financial Aid Estimates for Federal Aid Recipients 1995-96. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (October 1996).

F, N, * National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Postsecondary Financing Strategies: How Undergraduates Combine Work, Borrowing, and Attendance. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (February 1998).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Student Financing of Graduate and First-Professional Education, 1995-96. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (May 1998).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Profile of Undergraduates in U.S. Postsecondary Education Institutions, 1995-96. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (May 1998).

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Stopouts or Stayouts? Undergraduates Who Leave College in Their First Year. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (September 1998).

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Choosing a Postsecondary Institution. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (October 1998).

N National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Fall Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, 1996. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (October 1998).

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Descriptive Summary of 1995-96 Beginning Postsecondary Students: With Profiles of Students Entering 2- and 4-Year Institutions. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (November 1998).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Student Financing of Undergraduate Education: 1995-96. With an Essay on Student Loans. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (November 1998).

S National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). State Aid For Undergraduates in Postsecondary Education. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (March 1999).

D National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Distance Education at Postsecondary Education Institutions: 1997-98. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (December 1999).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Trends in Undergraduate Borrowing: Federal Student Loans in 1989-90, 1992-93, and 1995-96. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (March 2000).

N, F, * National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Low-Income Students: Who They Are and How They Pay for Their Education. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (March 2000).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Middle Income Undergraduates: Where They Enroll and How They Pay for Their Education. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (July 2001).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). National Postsecondary Student Aid Study: Student Financial Aid Estimates for 1999-2000. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (July 2001). See also Chronicle article.

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Federal Support for Education: Fiscal Years 1980 to 2001. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (November 2001).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Fall Enrollment in Title IV Degree-Granting Postsecodnary Institutions: 1998. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (November 2001).

S National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Study of College Costs and Prices, 1988-89 to 1997-98. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (December 2001).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Student Financing of Undergraduate Education: 1999-2000. Statistical Analysis Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (July 2002).

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Profile of Undergraduates in U.S. Postsecondary Educational Institutions: 1999-2000. Statistical Analysis Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (July 2002).

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Student Financing of Graduate and First-Professional Education, 1999-2000. Profiles of Students in Selected Degree Programs and Their Use of Assistantships. Statistical Analysis Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (July 2002).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). What Students Pay for College: Changes in Net Price of College Attendance Between 1992-93 and 1999-2000. Statistical Analysis Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (September 2002).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). What Colleges Contribute: Institutional Aid to Full-Time Undergraduates Attending 4-Year Colleges and Universities. Postsecondary Eduation Descriptive Analysis Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (April 2003).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). How Families of Low- and Middle-Income Undergraduates Pay for College: Full-Time Dependent Students in 1999-2000. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (June 2003).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Getting Ready to Pay for College. What Students and Their Parents Know About the Cost of College Tuition and What They Are Doing to Find Out. (Statistical Analysis Report.) Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (September 2003).

F, * National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Congressionally Mandated Studies of College Costs and Prices. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (September 2003).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Federal Support for Education, FY 1980 to FY 2003. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (August 2004).

F National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). A Decade of Undergraduate Student Aid: 1989-90 to 1999-2000. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education (September 2004).

S National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education. Losing Ground: A National Status Report on the Affordability of American Higher Education. San Jose, CA: NCPPHE (May 2002). See also: Slamming Shut The Doors To College: The State Budget Crisis and Higher Education.

F National Commission on the Cost of Higher Education. Straight Talk About College Costs and Prices. Final report. Washington, D.C.: National Commission on the Cost of Higher Education (January 21, 1998).

National Commission on the Financing of Postsecondary Education. Financing Postsecondary Education in the United States. Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (1973).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education. Commission Regional Hearing (September 12, 1991, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois). Transcripts of testimony by: Larry Matejka, Don Ames, Daryl F. Grisham, Donald S. Perkins, Ed Bales, John Funk, Adam Karr, Donald and Phylles Ahlm, Natala K. Hart, Dennis Keller, Regina Manley, Dr. Arnold Weber, Dr. Thomas P. Wallace. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education. Highlights of Testimony at Boston Regional Hearing, March 18, 1992. Washington, D.C. (1992).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education. "Diverse Perspectives Presented at Second Regional Hearing." Press release: Washington, D.C. (September 16, 1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education. Commission Regional Hearing (July 15, 1991, University of California, Los Angeles). Transcripts of testimony by: Dr. Peter Morrison, Dr. Harriet Fishlow, Karen Grosz, Dr. Marsha Hirano-Nakanishi, Dr. David Mertes, Thomas Mortenson, Dr. Sam Kipp, Dr. Johathan Brown, Dr. David Longanecker, Otto Reyer. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

* National Commission on Responsibilities For Financing Postsecondary Education. Testimony given by Thomas P. Wallace (September 12, 1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

R, * National Commission on Responsibilities For Financing Postsecondary Education. Financing Higher Education in the 21st Century; A Summary of Seminars and A National Symposium. Washington, D.C.: National Commission (April 1993).

I, R National Commission on Responsibilities For Financing Postsecondary Education. Background Papers and Reports. Washington, D.C.: National Commission (April 1993).

R, * National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education. Making College Affordable Again: Final Report. Washington, D.C. (February 1993).

National Institute of Independent Colleges and Universities. Independent Colleges and Universities: A National Profile. Washington D.C.: NIICU (1992)

National Institute of Independent Colleges and Universities. A Commitment to Access. Washington, D.C.: NIICU (1990).

F National Institute of Independent Colleges and Universities. The Array of Federal Regulations Facing Independent Colleges and Universities. Washington, D.C.: NIICU (January 1992).

National Public Radio. The Cost of College. Part One--Misleading Costs; Part Two--College Price Competition; Part Three--Finding College Dollars; Part Four--Saving for College; Part Five--College Funds on the Internet. Washington, D.C.: National Public Radio (NPR) (April 1997).

G Negin, Elliott. "Why College Tuitions Are So High." Atlantic Monthly (March 1993). Also see Student Report (class file).

Nelis, Karen. "Escalating College Bills Forecast For Parents" Albany Times Union August 2, 1992.

Nelson, J. Van Duren and Jacobson. The Willingness of Parents to Contribute to Postsecondary Educational Expenses. New York: College Board (1978).

Nerlove, Marc. "On Tuition and the Costs of Higher Education: Prolegomena to a Conceptual Framework." Journal of Political Economy, #80 (3) part 2, sections 178-218 (1972).
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F, R, * Nettles, Michael T. "Pursuing Broader Participation and Greater Benefit from Federal College Student Financial Aid." Toward New Purposes, Guidelines, and Requirements for a More Efficient and Effective College Student Aid Program. Paper commissioned for the National Conference on the Best Ways for the Federal Government to Help Students and Families Finance Higher Education (October 8, 1995).

S New York State. "Governor Pataki Signs Historic College Tuition Savings Plan Bill." Executive chamber press release (September 10, 1997).

S New York State Education Department--Office of Higher Education, Albany, NY.
New York State Education Department, The University of the State of New York. Standard Current Descriptions of State and Federal Student Financial Assistance Programs for Use by Postsecondary Institutions in Complying with Part 53 of the Regulations of the Commissioner of Education. (1990).
Bobst: KFN5666.55.V54. 1986 Cooper Union

New York State Foundations: A Comprehensive Directory. New York: Foundation Center, 1989.
Bobst: BRef1 HV98.N7N57 1988

The New York Times. "Prerequisite for College: Banking 101." (October 25, 1992).

The New York Times. "U. Conn Devises a Point System To Rate Professors' Productivity." (January 10, 1993).

I The New York Times. "A Changing World of Education." Sunday Times article (Education Life section, "International Reports") by contributing Times correspondents (November 6, 1994).

S The New York Times. "Tuition Prepayment Gains Favor as College Costs Skyrocket." (August 21, 1996).

* The New York Times. "Yale to Erase Alumni Debts in 2 Loan Plans." (April 13, 1999).

D The New York Times (AP). "Loans for Online Students Questioned." (February 12, 2001).

The New York Times (AP). "Princeton To Use Grants, Not Loans." (February 21, 2001). See also Andrew Brownstein story, Karen Arenson story, Florence Olsen story, and Scott Carlson story.

F The New York Times (AP). "Students May Be Shut Out of College" (February 21, 2001). See also Advisory Committee report and Stephen Burd story.

* The New York Times (AP). "Research on Rising College Costs." (August 1, 2001). See also Martin Van Der Werf story.

NEXUS to Date. (Newsletter published six times a year by Nexus, a program of the American Association for Higher Education. Reports on innovations in post-secondary education.)

Nicklin, Julie L. "Association Gives Cost-Saving Prizes to 22 Institutions." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 29, 1992).

Nicklin, Julie L. "Growth of Fund That Creates Scholarship Programs Reflects Corporate Concern With Higher Education." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 1990).
Bobst: newspaper V 1- 1966-

Nicklin, Julie L. "Harvard University Reports $42 Million Deficit, Its First Since 1974." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 26, 1992).
Bobst: newspaper V 1- 1966-

Nicklin, Julie L. "Private Giving to Colleges Rose by 4% in 1990-91." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 20, 1992).
Bobst: newspaper V 1- 1966-

Nicklin, Julie L. "60% of All Colleges Hit by Cuts in Operating Budgets, Survey Shows." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 5, 1992).

Nicklin, Julie L. "Colleges Push Total Quality Management Into Their Programs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 9, 1992).

Nicklin, Julie L. "The Layoffs Continue." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 4, 1994).

W Nicklin, Julie L. "The Hum of Corporate Buzzwords." Colleges look to businesses for advice on restructuring. The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 27, 1995).

W Noam, Eli M. "Electronics and the Dim Future of the University." Science, Vol. 270 (October 13, 1995).

* Noel, Lee. "The Student Employment Professional--An Emerging Partner in Student Success and Persistence." Noel-Levitz Occasional Paper, updated (December 1993).

G, W Noel-Levitz Center, Inc. A Compendium of Successful, Innovative Retention Programs and Practices. 1989-1993 Winners of the Noel-Levitz Retention Excellence Awards. Iowa City, IA (1993).

Norris, Donald and Theodore Roosevelt Malloch. Unleashing the Power of Perpetual Learning. Ann Arbor, MI: Society for College and University Planning (1997).

Norris, Donald. Revolutionary Strategy for the Knowledge Age. Ann Arbor, MI: Society for College and University Planning (1997).

F Norris, Floyd. "Owners Get Short Shrift at Sallie Mae." New York Times, Market Watch (March 16, 1997).

S The Northwest Indiana Times "Universities Prepare For New Tuition Guarantee." By the Associated Press. (July 1, 2003).

NYSFAAA (New York State Financial Aid Administrators Association). Bibliography of Financial Aid (January 1990).

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O'Brien, Eileen M. "Part-Time Enrollment: Trends and Issues." Research Briefs, Vol. 3, No. 8. Washington D.C.: ACE (1992).

Office of Student Financial Assistance (OSFA). The Use of Automated Data Management In the Institutional Delivery of Student Financial Aid. Washington, D.C. (Fall 1983).

O'Keffe, M. "Where Does the Money Really Go? A Case Study of Six Institutions." Change magazine, #19 (6), pp. 12-39. (1987).
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Oliva, L. Jay. What Trustees Should Know About Intercollegiate Athletics. Washington, D.C.: Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges (1989).

Olivas, Michael A. (ed.) Prepaid College Tuition Plans: Promise and Problems. New York: The College Board (1993).

W Olsen, Florence. "E-Commerce May Help Colleges Cut Costs and Paperwork." Institutions see potential for huge savings with revamped purchasing systems. The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 21, 2000).

Olsen, Florence. "Princeton Will Eliminate Loans for Undergraduates and Make Graduate Stipends More Generous." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 29, 2001). See also Karen Arenson story, Andrew Brownstein story, Scott Carlson story, and New York Times (AP) story.

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S O'Neill, James M. "Tuition could rise steeply in fall, colleges say." The Philadelphia Inquirer (March 10, 2002).

I O'Reilly, Judith. "Students Face Bigger Loans as Grants Are Phased Out." London Sunday Times (April 13, 1997).

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I Overland, Martha Ann. "India Resists Raising Tuition, but Pays the Price." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 5, 2000).

I Overland, Martha Ann. "In India, Government Loans Do Little for the Poor or for Private-College Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 7, 2001).

F Owen, Mary. "Colleges Object to Proposed Requirements for Reporting Their Costs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 26, 1998).

S Owen, Mary. "Should Community-College Tuition Be Eliminated?" Proposal in North Carolina reflects a broad debate about how best to attract students and use limited state dollars. The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 3, 1998).

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* Pascarella, E. et al. "College Tuition Costs and Early Career Socioeconomic Achievement: Do You Get What You Pay For?" Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 24, No. 3 (1993). Student Report only (class file).

I Paskey, Janice. "Canadians Flock to College-Savings Funds That Offer Annual $400 Government Grants." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 23, 1999).

* Passell, Peter. "One Top College's Price Tag: Why So Low, and So High?" New York Times (July 27, 1994). See also Leslie Spencer's interview with Milton Friedman in Forbes May 27, 1991.

Passell, Peter. "The High Price of Free Excellence." New York Times, Education Life section (November 6, 1994).

Passell, Peter. "Rise in Merit-Based Aid to Students Alters the Landscape of the College Market." New York Times (April 9, 1997).

W Passell, Peter. "The New Economics of Higher Education." New York Times (April 22, 1997).

S Passell, Peter. "Public Universities See Sharp Rise in Students From Wealthy Families." New York Times (August 13, 1997).

Payton, R. "The Taming of the Corporation: Private Sector Responsibility." Change magazine, pp. 12-19. (1985 Jan/Feb).
Bobst: LB2300C38

Peat Marwick (KPMG) and Prager, McCarthy and Sealy. Ratio Analysis in Higher Education: Measuring Past Performance to Chart Future Direction. KPMG Peat Marwick LLP and Prager, McCarthy and Sealy (1995).

Pelavin Associates, Inc. The Escalating Costs of Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: Pelavin Associates (November 1990).

Pelavin Associates, Inc. "Descriptive Tables of the Characteristics of Undergraduate Students by Race and Ethnicity." In Research Findings from the 1987 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. U.S. Department of Education, Office of Policy and Planning. September 11, 1992. Contract No. LC 88001001.

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Peng, S. et al. "Access to Higher Education: Results from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972." Educational Researcher, #6 (11) pp. 3-7 (1977).
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Perkins, Donald S. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, September 12, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Perna, Laura Walter. "The Contribution of Financial Aid to Undergraduate Persistence." Journal of Student Financial Aid, Volume 28, Number 3. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (Fall 1998).

Peterson, Marvin W. "In a Decade of Decline: Seven R's of Planning." In Change magazine, #16 (May/June 1984). Also see Student Report (class file).
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Pew Higher Education Research Program. Policy Perspectives, Vol. 2, No. 4 (June 1990).

Pew Higher Education Research Program. "To Dance with Change." Policy Perspectives, Vol. 5, No. 3 (April 1994).

W Pew Higher Education Research Program. "A Calling to Account." Policy Perspectives, Vol. 6, No. 2 (July 1995).

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F Postrel, Virginia I. "Clinton's College Plan: Educational Inflation." Washington Post (March 30, 1997).

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S Potter, Will. "One-Two Punch of Spending Cuts and Tuition Increases Is 'Assault' on Higher Education, Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 11, 2003).

President's Commission on Higher Education, George F. Zook, Chairman. Higher Education for American Democracy. Washington, D.C.: GPO (1947).

D Press, Eyal and Jennifer Washburn. "Digital Diplomas." Mother Jones (January/February 2001).

I Prisco, Anne. Trends in Wage Differentials in Italy during the 1990s: Why a University Degree Now Matters. New York, NY: New York University (December 1999). See also The Alliance for International Higher Education Policy Studies.

Psacharopolous, G. (ed.) Economics of Education: Research and Studies New York: Pergamon Press (1987).
Bobst: LC65.E255 1987

G Public Agenda Foundation for the California Higher Education Policy Center. "Public Views on Higher Education." San Jose, CA: California Higher Education Policy Center (September 1993).

Pulley, John L. "Private Gifts to Colleges Increased 15% in 1998." 9 donations of at least $50-million helped bring the total to $18.4-billion. The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 4, 1999).

Pulley, John L. "Private Giving to Colleges Surpassed Expectations in 2000-1." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 25, 2002).

Pulley, John L. "Crumbling Support for Colleges." Once a financial rock for academe, private foundations settle on a new approach. The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 29, 2002).

Pulley, John L. "The Vindication of a Boring Strategy." NYU, mocked for conservative investments in the '90s, shines in a down market. The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 27, 2002).

W Pulley, John L. "Stanford and Duke Consider Staff Cuts to Help Balance Their Budgets." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 28, 2002).

Quick, Perry D. "A Critique of GAO's Report on Guaranteed Student Loans Versus Direct Lending and Revised Savings Estimates." Washington, D.C.: Ernst and Young (Spring 1993).

Quinn, Jane Bryant. "How to Save for College." Newsweek (October 21, 1991).
Bobst: AP2.N68 Micro 1-116, 117-

Quinn, Jane Bryant. "Pricier Colleges Face Middle-Class Melt." Washington Post (December 30, 1990).
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Quinn, Jane Bryant. "The Taxpayers vs. Higher Ed." Newsweek (November 15, 1993).

F Quinn, Jane Bryant. "Give It a Chance: Congress threatens to limit the president's new student-loan plan." Newsweek p. 43 (February 6, 1995).

Ramirez-Soto, Ismael. "An Overhaul of Postsecondary Education Finance: Increasing Institutional Wealth and Eliciting Systemic Change." In Financing Higher Education in the 21st Century. National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education (April 1993).

W Rascoe, Beth. "Productivity and Quality in Higher Education." NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1997).

Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act of 1965. Selected bibliography lists several works that provide useful background for understanding the issues surrounding congressional reauthorization of the Higher Education Act.

Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act of 1965. "A Brief Examination of College Costs and Financial Aid to Students for Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act." CICU (Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities) presentation at the New York Higher Education Conference, Higher Education Act Reauthorization: Context for Decision-making. Columbia University (December 19, 1996).

Redburn, Tom. "Ivy League or Also-Ran? Does It Matter?" The New York Times (April 21,2002).

* Redd, Kenneth E. Discounting Toward Disaster: Tuition Discounting, College Finances, and Enrollments of Low-Income Undergraduates. Indianapolis, IN: USA Group Foundation, Inc. (December 2000).

Redd, Kenneth E. Why Do Students Borrow So Much? Recent National Trends in Student Loan Debt. Washington, D.C.: ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education (2001).

S, * Regents Commission on Higher Education. "Sharing the Challenge." University of the State of New York: Report of the New York State Regents Commission on Higher Education. Albany, NY: State Education Department (September 1993). Also see Student Report (class file).

Reisberg, Leo. "Why Parents Are Paying a Smaller Share of the Tuition Bill." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 9, 1999). See report It's All Relative---The Role of Parents in College Financing and Enrollment.

N Reisberg, Leo. "Average Tuition and fees at Colleges Rose Less Than 5% This Year." But the increases are still well above the rate of inflation. The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 15, 1999).

Research Associates (Washington, D.C.). "Higher Education Prices and Price Indexes: 1985 Update." (September 1985).

Research Currents. (Newsletter. Brief reviews on topic problems in higher education. Prepared by the ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, George Washington University.)
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Review of Educational Research. (Periodical)
Bobst: L11.R4 V 1- / 1931 Micro V 1-12, 30-

Reyer, Otto. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, July 15, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Richardson, Roger G. "Minority Student Scholarships: A Question of Equality of Opportunity or Discrimination." NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (December 1992).

Riddle. "Student Loans: An Income Contingent Approach Proposed by the Reagan Administration for National Direct Student Loans." Journal of Education Finance (Fall 1986).
Bobst: LB2825.J68 V 3- / 1977-

Rigdon, Joan E. "Student Loans Weigh Down Graduates." Wall Street Journal (January 3, 1991).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro 1952-

F, * Rigney, Megan. "An Investigation into the Antitrust Case Against MIT and the Overlap Group." NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

Ritchie, Daniel L. "A View from Colorado On Public Funding of Higher Education." Journal of Student Financial Aid (Winter 1993).

Rivera, Richard. "Is the Burden of Financing A College Education Being Shifted to the Student?" NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1994).

F Rivlin, Alice M. The Role of the Federal Government in Financing Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution (1961). Also see Student Report (class file).

S, * Roanoke Times. "For academic excellence, someone has to pay." The Roanoke Times (November 24, 2003).

F Robinson, D. "Federal Tax Policy and Higher Education: Assissing Recent Developments." Impact and Challenges of a Changing Federal Role, V.A. Hodgkinson (ed.). New Directions for Institutional Research, no. 45. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass (March 1985). Student Report only (class file).

G Roche, George. "How Government Funding Is Destroying American Higher Education." Imprimis Volume 23, No. 10. Hillsdale, MI: Hillsdale College (October 1994).

F Roche, George. "The Politics of Funding." The Fall of the Ivory Tower, pp. 75-99. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing (1994). Also Student Report (class file).

S, W Rockefeller, Nelson A. Institute of Government. Performance Funding and Budgeting for Public Higher Education: Current Status and Future Prospects. Albany, NY: SUNY (1997).

Rockoff, Johnathan D. "A Lesson in Free-Market Economics." Philadelphia Inquirer (February 7, 1992).
Bobst: Newspaper Latest two months only

S Rocky Mountain News. "State Higher Ed Still Affordable." (September 19, 2004).

Rodd, Kevin. "The GI Bill and Higher Education." NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (December 1990).

Romano. "An Economic Perspective of the Public Financing of the Community College." Community College Review, Vol. 14, No. 2.
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Roose, David and Arthur Hauptman. "Changing Patterns in Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, 1950-1990." Washington, D.C.: National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education (June 1992).

S Roth, Andrew P. "Who Benefits From States' College-Savings Plans?" The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 19, 2001).

G, * Rudolph, Frederick. The American College and University. New York: Knopf (1962).
Bobst: LA226R72

Rumberger, Russell W. "The Economic Decline of College Graduates: Fact or Fallacy?" Journal of Human Resources, #15 pp. 99-112 (1980).
Bobst: HD5701.J6 V 1- / 1966- Micro 1-25, 26-

Rumberger, Russell W. "The Rising Incidence of Overeducation in the U.S. Labor Market." Economics of Education Review, pp. 293-314 (1981 Summer).
Bobst: LC65.E36 V 1- / 1981-

W Rush, Sean C. "Productivity or Quality." In Anderson, Richard E. and Joel W. Meyerson (eds.) Productivity and Higher Education, pages 1-15. Princeton, NJ: Peterson's Guides (1992). Student Report only (class file).

Rusk, J.J. and L. Leslie. "The Setting of Tuition in Public Higher Education." Topical Paper #14, Center for the Study of Higher Education, University of Arizona (1978 November).

Rusk, Leslie and Brinkman. "The Increasing Impact of Economic Conditions Upon Higher Education Enrollments." Economics of Education Review (Winter 1982).
Bobst: LC65.E36

S Russakoff, Dale and Amy Argetsinger. "States Plan Big Tuition Increases" Budget Woes Lift College Costs As Much as 40%. The Washington Post (July 22, 2003).

Russell, John Dale. The Finance of Higher Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press (1954). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB2342.R72 1954

Salganik, Laura H. and Patricia A. Hopper. "Who Attends Proprietary Schools? Findings From NPSAS." In Research Findings from the 1987 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. U.S. Department of Education, Office of Policy and Planning. September 11, 1992. Contract No. LC 88001001

W, * Samuelson, Robert J. "The Wastage in Education." There's a flabbiness in our thinking about schools that poses as high-mindedness. Newsweek (August 10, 1998).

S Santora, Marc. "Paterson Set to Embrace Student Loan Plan" The New York Times (July 21, 2008).

Savenije, Bas. "University Budgeting: Creating Incentives for Change?" Research in Higher Education, Vol. 33, No. 5 (1992). Also see Student Report (class file).

Scannell, James J. The Effect of Financial Aid Policies on Admission and Enrollment. New York: The College Board (1992).

Scannell, James J. The Development of Optimal Financial Aid Strategies. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Michigan Microfiche Library (1980). (See also College Board, Working Together).

Schapiro, Morton O., Michael P. O'Mally and Larry H. Litten. Tracing the Economic Backgrounds of COFHE Students: Has There Been a Middle-Income Melt? Cambridge, MA: COFHE (1990).

S Schmidt, Peter. "Higher Education Gets Largest Increase From States Since 1990." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 1, 1996).

S Schmidt, Peter. "State Appropriations for Colleges Increase at Highest Rate Since 1990." Much of the new money will pay for technology and improvements for 2-year institutions. The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 14, 1997).

S Schmidt, Peter. "State Lawmakers Share the Wealth With Colleges and Their Students." Merit scholarships and campus-construction budgets grow in an election year. The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 11, 1998).

S Schmidt, Peter. "States Rush to Set Up Programs to Help Families Save for College Costs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 19, 1999).

S Schmidt, Peter. "State Spending on Higher Education Rises 6.7% in 1998-99, Study Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 23, 1998).

S Schmidt, Peter and Jeffrey Selingo. "Colleges Hope 1999 Legislatures Will Provide Financial Security." Higher-education officials want protection against tighter state budgets in hears ahead. The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 8, 1999).

S Schmidt, Peter. "Michigan's Governor Pushes Formulas as Route to Fairness in Appropriations." Some legislators object, arguing that their role in allocating funds to colleges would be usurped. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 21, 1999).

S Schmidt, Peter. "States Make Healthy Increases in Spending on Higher Education." Budgets for student aid and faculty salaries are up; accountability measures are also popular. The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 25, 1999).

S Schmidt, Peter. "New Tuition and Budget Policies Force Public Colleges to Compete for Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 25, 1999).

S Schmidt, Peter. "As Economy Chugs Along, States Pour Money Into Higher Education." Annual study finds 7-percent increase in spending on colleges, the biggest rise of the 1990s. The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 17, 1999)

S Schmidt, Peter. "Report Criticizes Upper- and Middle-Class Focus of Merit-Based State Scholarships." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 27, 2000). See report: State Student Financial Aid: Tough Choices and Trade-Offs for a New Generation. Washington, D.C.: AASCU (February 2000).

S Schmidt, Peter. "Boom in Savings Plans Is Changing the Way Families Pay for College." Programs compete by offering more flexibility and better returns. The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 14, 2000).

S Schmidt, Peter. "States' Contributions to Student Aid Climbed 8.8 Percent Last Year, Survey Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 13, 2000).

S Schmidt, Peter. "Texas' New Governor Seeks to Give Bulk of Aid Directly to Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 4, 2001)

S Schmidt, Peter. "States' Student-Aid Spending Grew by 12.6 Percent in 1999-2000, Survey Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 19, 2001).

S Schmidt, Peter. "State Spending on Higher Education Grows by Smallest Rate in 5 Years." Funds increased by 4.6%, but 13 states failed to keep pace with inflation. The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 18, 2002).

S Schmidt, Peter. "State Spending on Student Aid Has Surged in Recent Years, Study Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 26, 2002).

S, W Schmidt, Peter. "Governor of South Carolina Offers to Let Some Public Colleges Go Private." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 8, 2003).

S Schmidt, Peter. "State Spending on Higher Education Has Remained Steady, Despite Claims to the Contrary, Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 16, 2004).

S Schmidt, Peter. "10-Year 'Report Card' on Higher Education Spurs Calls for Reforms." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 16, 2004).

Schmidtlein, F.A. "Why Linking Budget to Plans Has Proven Difficult for Higher Education." Planning for Higher Education, #18 (2), pp. 9-24. (1990).
Bobst: LB2300.P72

F Schoenberg, Tom. "Student Borrowing Increases, Following Changes in Federal Policy." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 29, 1995).

Schuh, J.H. "Fiscal Pressures on Higher Education and Student Affairs." In M.J. Barr and Associates, The Handbook of Student Affairs Administration. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1993). Student Report only (class file).

Schuh, J.H. "Measuring the Cost Effectiveness of Financial Aid From an Institutional Perspective: A Case Study." NASPA Journal, volume 37, pp. 414-428 (2000). Student Report only (class file).

Schultz, Theodore. "Investment in Human Capital." In Karabel (see Karabel).
Bobst: LC191.P66

Schultz, Theodore. "Optimal Investment in College Instruction: Equity and Efficiency." (1972). Mimeo provided by Prof. David L. Breneman: Financing Higher Education, Harvard University, Spring 1991.

Schultz, Theodore. "Resources for Higher Education: An Economist's View." In Orwig (see Orwig).

Selding, Peter. "Evaluating Administrative Performance: What Works and What Doesn't." In Evaluating and Developing Administrative Performance. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1988). Also see Student Report (class file).

F Selingo, Jeffrey. "AmeriCorps at 5 Years: a Success, but Not in the Way Clinton Hoped." Programs win praise, but role in student aid is inconsequential. The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 25, 1998).

S Selingo, Jeffrey. "Report Blames Shifting State Support for Fivefold Increase in College Tuition Costs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 10, 1999). See report The Tuition Puzzle: Putting the Pieces Together.

S Selingo, Jeffrey. "Many States Raised Spending on Need-Based Aid in 1997-98, Survey Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 29, 1999).

S Selingo, Jeffrey. "State Spending on Aid for Needy Students Increases by 6%, Survey Finds." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 7, 1999).

S Selingo, Jeffrey. "As Alabama Lottery Campaign Heats Up, Colleges Maneuver for Best Position." 2-year and 4-year, public and private institutions are vying for different needs. The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 8, 1999).

S Selingo, Jeffrey. "Massachusetts Governor Proposes Higher-Education Overhaul That Would Split UMass System." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 27, 2003).

Selingo, Jeffrey. "The Future of Tuition: One Price for the Well-Off, a Lower One for Everyone Else." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 2003).

Sewell, W. "Inequality of Opportunity for Higher Education." American Sociological Review, #36 (5) pp. 793-809 (1971).
Bobst: HM1.A75 1-15, 17 Micro 1-55, 56-

Sewell, W. and V.P. Shah. "Socioeconomic Status, Intelligence and the Attainment of Higher Education." In Karabel (see Karabel).
Bobst: LC191. P66

Seymour, Daniel T. "TQM on Campus: What the Pioneers Are Finding." AAHE Bulletin (November 1991).

Shaman, S. and R.M. Zemsky. "Perspectives on Pricing." New Directions for Institutional Research #42, pp. 7-18 (1984).
Bobst: LB2342.I84 1984

Shapiro, Joshua. "The Discipline of Saving for College." The New York Times (September 10, 1994).

Shaw, Kenneth A. and Dan A. Black. "View: Why College Costs So Much." The New York Times (April 8, 2001).

Shea, Christopher. "Many Private Colleges Curb Tuition Growth, but Increases Still Outpace Inflation. Spending cuts by institutions help them keep charges from rising much beyond 6%." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 17, 1993).

Shea, Christopher. "U. of Rochester Will Give N.Y. Residents a $5,000 Break on Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 2, 1994).

Shearer, Robert E. "Higher Education Financial Health: A Ratio Analysis Approach." Unpublished paper (NYU: May 1995).

Sherman, Dan and Jon Cohen. "The Distribution of Discretionary Financial Aid and Stafford Loans." In Research Findings from the 1987 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. U.S. Department of Education, Office of Policy and Planning. September 11, 1992. Contract No. LC 88001001.

Sherr, Lawrence A. and Deborah J. Teeter. Total Quality Management in Higher Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (No. 71 Fall 1991).

Silber, John. "Tuition Made Easy." New York Times (February 5, 1993).

Silber, John. "The Tuition Advance Fund: A Proposal for Funding Higher Education." In The College Board Review. No. 110 (Winter 1978-79).

Silber, John. "The Tuition Dilemma: A New Way to Pay the Bills." Atlantic (1978 July).
Bobst: AP2.A8

Silliman, Benjamin. "A Tax Policy Analysis of Education Costs." NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (December 1992).

Simon, Paul. "Direct Loans to Students: Two Views." A Bold, Innovative Program. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 12, 1993).

Simpson, William B. "Containing Total Cost Through Tuition Policy." Cost Containment for Higher Education. (1991).

W Skolnik, Michael L. "If the Cut Is So Deep, Where Is the Blood? Problems in Research on the Effects of Financial Restraint." In Breneman, David et al. (eds.) ASHE Reader on Finance in Higher Education, pp. 563-578. Lexington, MA: Ginn Press (1994). Also see Student Report (class file).

G Sleeper, Jim. "The Foundations: Who, What, When, and How." In Change magazine (January/February 1985). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB2300.C38

Smith, Brett. Slip Sliding Away--Student Aid in Minnesota: Analysis and Recommendations.

Smith, Joseph P. "Rethinking the Traditional Capital Campaign." In Handbook for Educational Fundraising by Francis C. Pray. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1981).
Bobst: LB2336.H27

R Solmon, L. and P. Taubman (eds.). Does College Matter? (1973)
Bobst: LC66.D63

D, F, S Southern Regional Education Board (SREB) Distance Learning Policy Laboratory. Using Finance Policy to Reduce Barriers to Distance Learning. (August 2002).

D, F, S Southern Regional Education Board (SREB) Distance Learning Policy Laboratory. Creating Financial Aid Programs That Work for Distance Learners. (September 2002).

Special Task Force of the Secretary of H.E.W. The Second Newman Report: National Policy and Higher Education.
Bobst: L112.S42. 1973

* Spencer, Leslie. "The Perils of Socialized Higher Education." Interview with Milton Friedman. Forbes (May 27, 1991). See also Peter Passell's New York Times article July 27, 1994.

Spencer, Leslie. "College Education Without the Frills." Forbes (May 27, 1991).

W, * Spiers, Joseph. "Don't Let College Costs Rain On Your Retirement." Fortune (July 24, 1995).

S St. John, Edward P. "A Framework for Reexamining the State Resource Management Strategies in Higher Education." Journal of Higher Education, #62 (3), pp. 263-287 (1991). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB2301.J8

St. John, Edward P. "Changes in Pricing Behavior During the 1980's." Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 63, No. 2 (March/April 1992). Also see Student Report (class file).

St. John, Edward P., et al. "The Influence of Prices on Within-Year Persistence by Traditional College-Age Students In Four-Year Colleges." Journal of Student Financial Aid Volume 22, No. 1. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (Winter 1992).

F St. John, Edward P. Public Policy and College Access: Investigating the Federal and State Roles in Equalizing Postsecondary Opportunity. AMS Press (2004). See article: "New Book Accuses Education Department's Statistics Center of Errors That Skewed Policy Making."

St. John, Edward P. and Douglas M. Priest (eds.). Privatization and Public Universities. Indiana University Press (June 2006). See article in Inside Higher Ed.

Stampen, Jacob. The Financing of Public Higher Education: Low Tuition, Student Aid, and the Federal Government. American Association for Higher Education Report No. 9. Washington, D.C. (1980). Also see Student Report (class file).
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Standard and Poor's. "Credit Trends in Higher Education." Creditweek Municipal (June 1993).

Stanfield, Rochelle L. "Price War." National Journal (August 8, 1993).

Stanfield, Rochelle L. "The Truth About College Costs." The College Board Review, No. 184 (Spring 1998).

Starr, S. Frederick. "Private Colleges: 4 Key Steps to Recovery." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 8, 1993).

"State Aid Seen Going to Private Institutions." The Chronicle of Higher Education p. 1 (January 29, 1968).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro V 1- 1966-

B State Budget: 1992-93 Higher Education Programs Budget Cuts. Report prepared by CICU Research Department (January 21, 1992).

S State Higher Education Executive Officers (SHEEO). "SHEEO Releases State Higher Education Finance FY 2010." Boulder, CO: SHEEO (March 8, 2011).

* Stecklow, Steve. "Colleges Manipulate Financial Aid Offers, Shortchanging Many." Early Admittees and Others Are Eager, So Schools Figure They'll Pay More. Wall Street Journal (April 1, 1996).

F, * Steelman, L. and B. Powell. "Doing the Right Thing: Race and Parental Locus of Responsibility for Finding College." In Sociology of Education, Vol. 66, pp. 223-244 (October 1993). Student Report only (class file).

* Steinberg, Jacques. "Rise in Average College Cost in '99 Is Lowest in 12 Years." The New York Times (October 6, 1999).

Steinberg, Jacques. "Donations to Colleges Swell as Harvard Leads the Pack" The New York Times (October 7, 1999).

S Steinberg, Jacques. "Looking at Higher Education, Report Finds Vast Differences Among States." The New York Times (December 1, 2000).

S Steinberg, Marjorie P. "State Higher Education Institutions and Funding Policies." Case example: The Connecticut State University System Strategies for Resource Management. NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

Steiner, Peter. "The Public Sector and the Public Interest." Mimeo provided by Prof. David W. Breneman, Harvard University, Spring 1991.

Stiglitz, Joseph E. et al. The Impact of Paying For College on Family Finances. Sebago Associates (November 2000).

Stockham, D.N. and J.S. Hesseldenz. "Predicting National Direct Student Loan Defaults: The Role of Personality Data." Research in Higher Education, #10 pp. 195-205 (1979).
Bobst: LB2300.R47N

Strosnider, Kim. "Private College Group Says Tuition Is Not Rising Due to More Federal Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 3, 1997).

W Strosnider, Kim. "Report Calls for More Efficiency and Aid to Avert $38-Billion Education Deficit." The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 18, 1997).

Student Aid and the Cost of Postsecondary Education. Congressional Budget Office. (1991 January).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout) DOCS Y10, 2:A;2

Student Aid News. "Fund Student Loans From Social Security Surplus, Institute Says." p. 7 (July 12, 1990).

Student Aid News. "Private Aid to Higher Education Hits Record High, CFAE Says." (June 13, 1990).

Student Aid News. "HBCU Enrollment, Finances On Upswing, ED Reports." p. 6 (August 21, 1992).

Student Aid News. "Higher Education Institutions "Taking It On Chin," ACE Says." p. 5 (August 7, 1992).

Student Aid News. "Education Can Boost Earnings Dramatically, Census Shows." (August 5, 1994).

Student Aid News. "Financial Aid Puts College Within Reach For Many, Census Says." (October 28, 1994).

S Student Aid News. "California Must Recast Higher Education System, Policy Center Says." p. 8 (February 3, 1995).

Student Aid News. "College Costs Major Worry For Freshmen, Survey Shows." p. 5 (January 20, 1995).

Student Aid News. "Long-Term Value of Education Increasing, Census Bureau Says." p. 9 (December 23, 1994).

B, F, * Student Aid News. "Government Should Help Students Through College." p. 1 (September 1, 1995).

F, * Student Aid News. "Tuition Increases Don't Deter Students From College." p. 3 (September 1, 1995).

Student Aid Transcript. (Periodical. Published by NASFAA)

Student Financial Assistance Study Group. Report to the Secretary of H.E.W.: Recommendations for Improved Management of the Federal Student Aid Programs, pp. 1-28 (1977 June).

F, * www.studentloanfacts.org (resource website).

I Student Loans Company, Ltd. (United Kingdom). Annual Report 1993. Glasgow, Scotland (1994).

F Sugin, Amy. "A Civilian G.I. Bill: Ingenious or Impossible?" NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

Sullivan, Daniel F. "The Financial Aid Time Bomb." In Policy Perspectives, Vol. 5, No. 3. Philadelphia: Pew Higher Education Research Program (April 1994).

Sullivan, Jerry and G. Kay Jacks. Let's Take Back Student Aid: Direct Lending Issues and Myths. Washington, D.C.: AASCU (1993).

I Sundt, Melora. "Postsecondary Education Financing: International Comparative Models." National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, Background Papers and Reports (April 1993). See National Commission. Also see Student Report (class file).

F Sutterlin, Rebecca and Robert A. Kominski. Dollars for Scholars: Postsecondary Costs and Financing, 1990-91. U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (1994).

I Swail, Watson Scott and Donald E. Heller. Changes in Tuition Policies: Natural Policy Experiments in Five Countries. Montreal, QC: Canada Millennium Scholarship Foundation (August 2004).

S Tarricone, Celeste. "Tuition-Indexing Plans Gain Support Among Politicians, but Worry College Officials." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 1997).

Teichler, Ulrich. Admission to Higher Education in the United States, A German Critique. New York: International Council for Educational Development (1978).

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F, R TERI (The Education Resources Institute). Taxing Matters. College Aid, Tax Policy, and Equal Opportunity. Boston, MA: TERI (February 1997).

Tierney, Michael L. "Priority Setting and Resource Allocation." New Directions for Institutional Research, #31 pp. 29-43 (1981).
Bobst: LB2341.P68

Tierney, Michael L. "The Impact of Financial Aid on Student Demand for Public/Private Higher Education." Journal of Higher Education, #51 (5) pp. 527-545 (1980).
Bobst: LB2301.J8

Tierney, Michael L. and Jerry S. Davis. "The Impact of Student Financial Aid and Institutional Net Price on the College Choice Decision of In-State Services." In Journal of Student Financial Aid. Vol. 15, No. 1. (Winter 1985).

Toch, Thomas. "Defaulting the Future." U.S. News and World Report (June 21. 1993). Also see Student Report (class file).

* Toffler, Alvin and Heidi. "Getting Set for the Coming Millennium." The Futurist (March/April 1995).

Toft, R. "Federal Foundations." Change magazine, pp. 12-19. (Jan/Feb 1985).
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Topolnicki, Denise M. "Why College Prices Rise So Fast." In Money Guide special issue: Best College Buys (1994 edition).

G Trow, Martin. "American Higher Education: Past, Present and Future." In Foundations of American Higher Education, an ASHE Reader (James Bess, ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Ginn Press (1989).

W Tuckman, Bruce W. and Craig F. Johnson. "The Outcome Management Model." In Effective College Management, pages 1-26. New York, NY: Praeger Publishers (1987). Student Report only (class file).

I Tugend, Alina. "Financial Crisis May Force British Universities to End Tradition of Free Higher Education." London School of Economics is poised to become the country's first institution to charge tuition. The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 12, 1996).

I Tugend, Alina. "Applications Flood British Colleges as Students Seek to Avoid Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 19, 1997).

I Tugend, Alina. "British Students Adjust to Paying Tuition." Early reports indicate a decline in applications from those who are over 21. The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 11, 1998).

W Tully, Shawn. "Finally, Colleges Start to Cut Their Crazy Costs." Fortune (May 1, 1995).

I Turner, D.A. "Formula Funding of Higher Education in the Czech Republic: Creating an Open System." Studies in Higher Education, 19, 2, pp. 139-151 (1994).

F Turner, Sarah. "The Vision and Reality of Pell Grants: Unforseen Consequences for Students and Institutions." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14, 1997).

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United Press International. "Wisconsin Report Will Urge Higher Tuition, More Autonomy." Press release (August 23, 1992).

University of California. "Special Fee Grant For Needy Students." Press release (March 18, 1991).

University of the State of New York. "Regents Name 18 Members To Commission on Higher Education." Press release, August 4, 1992.
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

University of the State of New York. "State Student Financial Aid Programs." Report by the Board of Regents to the Governor and Legislature. Albany, NY: State Education Department (December 1992).

* University of the State of New York. "Sharing the Challenge." Report of the New York State Regents Commission on Higher Education. Albany, NY: State Education Department (September 1993).

F USA Today. "A Consensus Emerges on Funding Education." Editorial: two opposing views. (January 30, 1997).

USA Today. "College-Aid Debt Load Limiting Lifestyle Choices of Many Grads." (October 24, 1997).

F, W USA Today. "College costs clarified, criticized." (January 15, 1998).

F, * U.S. Census Bureau. Postsecondary Students, Costs, and Financial Aid. Washington, D.C.

S U.S. Congress. Slamming Shut The Doors To College: The State Budget Crisis and Higher Education (May 2002). See also: Losing Ground: A National Status Report on the Affordability of American Higher Education.

N U.S. Department of Commerce. "More Education Means Higher Career Earnings." Bureau of the Census Statistical Brief. Washington, D.C. (August 1994).

F U.S. Department of Education, Washington, D.C.
F U.S. Department of Education--Office of Postsecondary Education, Washington, D.C.
U.S. Department of Education. Survey on Retention at Higher Education Institutions. Report. Washington, D.C. (1992).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. The Student Guide. (New edition published each year).

U.S. Department of Education/Office of Postsecondary Education. Program Summary Book for 1988-1989: A Statistical and Historical Reference for OPE Programs, Washington, D.C. (1990).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education/Office of Postsecondary Education. Pell Grant Program: End of Year Report 1986-87.
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. National Higher Education Statistics: Fall 1991, Early Estimates (December 1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. Program Summary Book for 1987-1988, A Statistical and Historical Reference for OPE Programs (1989).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. Program Summary Book for 1986-1987, A Statistical and Historical Reference for OPE Programs (1988).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. Satisfactory Progress Rules and the Grades of Students. Washington, D.C.: Office of Policy and Planning (December 1992).

* U.S. Department of Education. The Finances of Higher Education Institutions, Higher Education Survey Report. Survey Number 8 (November 1990).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. Historically Black Colleges and Universities, 1976-90. Washington, D.C. (July 1992).

U.S. Department of Education. Tough Choices: A Guide to Administrative Cost Management in Colleges and Universities. Washington D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. Undergraduate Financing of Postsecondary Education: A Report of the 1987 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, Analysis Report (1988 June).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. Department of Education. Selected Issues in the Federal Direct Loan Program. A Collection of Commissioned Papers. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Under Secretary and Office of Postsecondary Education (1994).

U.S. Department of Education. 1994 Education Forecast: Increasing Enrollments, with More Graduates, More Degrees. Press release (August 23, 1994).

F, R, * U.S. Department of Education. Financing Postsecondary Education: The Federal Role. Proceedings of The National Conference on the Best Ways for the Federal Government to Help Students and Families Finance Postsecondary Education. College of Charleston; Charleston, South Carolina (October 1995).

F U.S. Department of Education. Strategic Plan, 1998-2002 (September 30, 1997).

F U.S. Department of Education. Factors Related to College Enrollment. Final report prepared for the Office of the Under Secretary (1998).

F U.S. Department of Education. Managing the Price of College (2001).

U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Executive Summary: The Willingness of Parents to Contribute to Postsecondary Educational Expenses.
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). Higher Education: Gaps in Parents' Knowledge of School Costs and Federal Aid. Briefing Report to the Chairman, Committee on Labor and Human Resources, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: GAO (July 1990).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

* U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). Higher Education: Restructuring Student Aid Could Reduce Low-Income Student Dropout Rate. Report to Congressional Requesters. Washington, D.C.: GAO (March 1995).

F U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). Higher Education: Tuition Increasing Faster Than Household Income and Public Colleges' Costs. Report. Washington, D.C.: GAO (August 1996).

F U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). Student Loans: Selected Characteristics of Schools in Two Major Federal Loan Programs. Report to the Chairman, Committee on the Budget, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C.: GAO (January 1997).

S U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). Information on State Tuition Prepayment Programs, pages 1-20. Report to Congressional Requesters. Washington, D.C.: GAO (August 1995). Student Report only (class file).

U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). Direct Student Loans: Analysis of Borrowers' Use of the Income Contingent Repayment Option. Report to the Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C.: GAO (August 1997).

U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). "Students Have Increased Borrowing and Working to Help Pay Higher Tuitions." Report to Senator Carol Moseley-Braun. Washington, D.C.: GAO (February 1998).

N U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). "Student Loans: Characteristics of Students and Default Rates at Historically Black Colleges and Universities." Report to Congressional Requesters. Washington, D.C.: GAO (April 1998).

F U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). "Higher Education: Tuition Increases and Colleges' Efforts to Contain Costs." Report to the Honorable Charles E. Schumer, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C.: GAO (September 1998).

F U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). "Federal Student Aid: Expanding Eligibility for Less Than Halftime Students Could Increase Program Costs, But Benefits Uncertain." Report to Congressional Requesters. Washington, D.C.: GAO (September 2003).

F U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO). "Higher Loan Limits Didn't Drive Up College Costs." Washington, D.C.: GAO (May 26, 2011).

U.S. News and World Report. America's Best Colleges--1993 edition (September 1992).

U.S. News and World Report. America's Best Colleges--1994 edition (September 1993).

U.S. News and World Report. America's Best Colleges--1995 edition (September 1994).

U.S. News and World Report. America's Best Colleges--1996 edition (September 1995).

U.S. News and World Report. America's Best Colleges--1997 edition (September 1996).

U.S. News and World Report. America's Best Colleges--1998 edition (September 1997).

"U.S. Says Fall Enrollments Rose 3.2%, Topping 14 Million for First Time." The Chronicle of Higher Education. p. A41 (January 8, 1992).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro V 1-

Van Der Werf, Martin. "Colleges Spend More on Undergraduates Than They Receive in Tuition, Report Says." The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 31, 2001). See also New York Times (AP) story.

* Van Der Werf, Martin. "Many Colleges Could Close or Merge Because of Financial Problems, Standard & Poor's Warns." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 27, 2002).

* Vedder, Richard. "Why Students Want to Go to Harvard." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 17, 2011).

Verity, John W. "Revolution in the Supply Closet." Business Week, p. 112 (June 10, 1996).

Vernon, David. "Educational Debt Burden: Law School Assistance Programs --- A Review and Proposed New Approach." Journal of Legal Education (1989). Student Report only (class file).

Volkwein, J. Fredericks. "Campus Autonomy and its Relationship to Measures of University Quality." Journal of Higher Education, #57 (6), pp. 510-528. (1986).
Bobst: LB2301.J8

Volkwein, J. Fredericks, et al. "Factors Associated with Student Loan Default among Different Racial and Ethnic Groups." The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 69, No. 2 (March/April 1998).

Voorhees, Richard A. "Student Finances and Campus-Based Financial Aid: A Structural Model Analysis of the Persistence of High Need Freshman." Research in Higher Education Vol. 22, No. 1. Agathon Press (1985). Also see Student Report (class file).

I Vossensteyn, Hans. "Fiscal Stress: Worldwide Trends In Higher Education Finance." NASFAA Journal of Student Financial Aid, Vol. 34, No. 1. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (Winter 2004)

Waggaman, John S. Strategies and Consequences: Managing the Costs in Higher Education. Washington, D.C.: ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report 91-8 (1992). Also see Student Report (class file).

Wagner, Alan P. and Nancy Carlson. Financial Aid for Self-Supporting Students: Defining Independence. Washington, D.C.: The College Board (1983).

F Waldman, Steven. "How Washington Tries to Strangle Even the Best Ideas." The Washington Monthly (January/February 1995).

F, * Waldman, Steven. The Bill (National Service). New York, NY: Viking Penguin (1995). Also see Student Report (class file).

I Walker, David. "British Government Plans to End Free Tuition at Universities." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 1, 1997).

I Walker, David. "Students Rally Across Britain to Protest End of Free Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education--Daily News (November 5, 1997).

Wall Street Journal. "Student Loans Weigh Down Graduates" by Joan E. Rigdon. (January 3, 1991).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro 1952-

* Wallace, Thomas P. "Public Education is Costly and Elitist." Letter to the Editor, The Chronicle of Higher Education (June 10, 1992).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro V 1- 1966-

* Wallace, Thomas P. "Public Higher Education Access and Affordability" Journal of Student Financial Aid Volume 22, No. 1. Washington, D.C.: NASFAA (Winter 1992).

Wallace, Thomas P. "The Inequities of Low Tuition." The Chronicle of Higher Education (April 1, 1992)
Bobst: Newspaper Micro V 1- 1966-

* Wallace, Thomas P. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, September 12, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

* Wallace, Thomas P. "Public Higher Education Finance: The Dinosaur Age Persists." Change magazine (July/August 1993).

Wallace, Thomas P. "Maintaining Student Affordability and Access in a New Fiscal Reality." Educational Record (Fall 1993). Student Report only (class file).

I Walshe, John. "Ireland Plans to Abolish Tuition at Its Universities Within 3 Years." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 17, 1994).

I Walshe, John. "A Pullback by Belfast." It ends its support of citizens attending private colleges in Irish Republic. The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 8, 1996).

S Walzer, Philip et al. "Virginia Colleges Slash Staffs, Programs; Gear Up for Tuition Hike." The Virginian-Pilot (October 17, 2002).

Wang, Penelope. "How to Negotiate for More Financial Aid." Money Guide "Best College Buys" 199 Edition. New York: Time Inc (Fall 1994).

Wang, Penelope. "Four myths about college costs." The true price of that B.A. may not be as high as you think. Money Magazine (January 20, 2005).

Warner, T. "Priorities, Planning and Prices." New Directions for Institutional Research, #42, pp. 35-45 (1984).
Bobst: LB2342.J84

F Washington Post. "The Student Loan Fight." (August 11, 1995).

Wattenbarger, J.L. "Student Fees and Public Responsibility." In Orwig (see Orwig).

Web-based Education Commission. The Power of the Internet for Learning: Moving from Promise to Practice. Report to the President and the Congress of the United States. Washington, D.C.: WBEC (December 2000).

Weber, Arnold R. "The Tuition Debate." Planning for Higher Education, #18, pp. 7-14 (1989-90). Also see Student Report (class file).
Bobst: LB2300.P72

Weber, Arnold. Transcript of testimony before The National Commission on Responsibilities for Financing Postsecondary Education, September 12, 1991. Washington, D.C. (1991).
Bobst: ASI/SRI (see class Bobst handout)

Weiner, Susan R. "The Politics of the Minority Scholarship Issue." NYU term paper for Politics of Higher Education (December 1992).

Welzenbach, Lanora F. "Administration of Endowment and Similar Funds." ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

Welzenbach, Lanora F. "Investment Management." ASHE Reader (see Leslie, Larry L. ASHE Reader).

* Werth, B. "Why is College So Expensive? Maybe America Wants It That Way?" Change magazine, pp. 13-25 (March/April 1998). Student Report only (class file).
Bobst: LB2300.C38 (V. 2 - micro)

Westat, Inc. The Finances of Higher Education Institutions. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education. Higher Education Surveys Report, Survey #8 (November 1990).

Westat, Inc. Educational Debt Burdens of Students. Report produced under contract to the U.S. Department of Education, Washington D.C. (1993).

Westat, Inc. Debt Burden: The Next Generation. Report produced under contract to the U.S. Department of Education, Washington D.C. (1993).

* Wilcox, Lee. "Evaluating the Impact of Financial Aid on Student Recruitment and Retention." In Hossler, Don (ed.) Evaluating Student Recruitment and Retention Programs, pp. 47-60. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass (1991). Student Report only (class file).

Wildavsky, A. Budgeting--A Comparative Theory of Budgetary Process, Chapter 8.
Bobst: HJ2009.W54

F Will, George F. "The Education Bubble and a Saturated Job Market." Washington Post, page C07 (March 30, 1997).

Williams, Jennifer A. "The Effects of Tuition Pricing on the College Choice Process." NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1994).

W, * Williams, Jennifer A. "The Net Tuition Revenue Dilemma." Independent study paper (January 1995).

Williams, Ronald J. "Minority Scholarships: A Tool of Diversity of Reverse Discrimination?" NYU term paper for Financing Higher Education (May 1995).

Wilson, Robin. "1989-90 Student Aid Totaled $27.8 Billion, Up 4.2%." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 5, 1990).
Bobst: Newspaper Micro V 1-

W Wilson, Robin. "Innovation or Ruin?: Some see Bennington's chief rejuvenating the college; others say she's destroying it." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 30, 1994).

Winerip, Michael. "Billions for School Are Lost In Fraud, Waste and Abuse." First of three articles in a series: "Looting Student Aid." New York Times (February 2, 1994).

Winerip, Michael. "In Managing Federal Money, Education Officials Fall Short." Second of three articles in a series: "Looting Student Aid." New York Times (February 3, 1994).

* Winerip, Michael. "Overhauling School Grants: Much Debate but Little Gain." Last of three articles in a series: "Looting Student Aid." New York Times (February 4, 1994).

Windham, Douglas M. "The Benefits and Financing of American Education: Theory, Research and Policy." Project Report 80-A19. Financing Recurrent Education. Stanford University: Institute for Research on Educational Finance and Governance (1980).
Bobst: LC 5225.F56 1983

Windham, Douglas M. Education, Equality and Income Redistribution. Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath and Co. (1970).
Bobst: LC66.W5

Windham, Douglas M. "Social Benefits and the Subsidization of Higher Education: A Critique." Higher Education (1976). Also see Student Report (class file).

* Wingspread Group on Higher Education. An American Imperative: Higher Expectations for Higher Education. An Open Letter to Those Concerned about the American Future. Racine, WI: The Johnson Foundation (1993).

Winston, Gordon C. "Why Can't a College Be More Like a Firm?" Change (September/October 1997).

* Winston, Gordon C. "Economic Research Now Shows That Higher Education Is Not Just Another Business." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 27, 1998).

S, * Winter, Greg. "B's, Not Need, Are Enough for Some State Scholarships." The New York Times (October 31, 2002).

S Winter, Greg. "State College Cuts Make Graduating a Struggle." The New York Times (August 24, 2003).

W Winwood, Richard I. Time Management: An Introduction to the Franklin System. Salt Lake City: Franklin Institute (1990).

Withey, Stephen (ed.). A Degree and What Else?

Witmer, David. "Shall We Raise or Lower College Student Tuition?" Paper presented at the annual conference of the Association for the Study of Higher Education, Washington, D.C. (1982 March).

Wolanin, Thomas R. and Lawrence E. Gladieux. Congress and the Colleges. Lexington: D.C. Hearth and Co. (1976).

Wolanin, Thomas R. "Reauthorizing the Higher Education Act: Federal Policy Making for Postsecondary Education." In National Issues in Education: The Past Is Prologue. Bloomington: Phi Bet Kappa (1993).

F Wolanin, Thomas R. "A Primer on the Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act." The Process, Stakes, and Prospects. Change (November/December 1997).

F Wolanin, Thomas R. "Pell Grants: A 25-Year History." The College Board 25th Anniversary Pell Grant Conference, Washington, D.C. (November 13-14, 1997).

Wong, Penelope. "How to Negotiate for More Financial Aid." Money Guide: Best College Buys, 1994 Edition (Fall 1994).

F, * Wood, Peter W. "The Harm Done by Excessive Federal Aid to Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 9, 1997).

I Woodard, Colin. "Experts See Russian Higher Education Becoming Diverse and Decentralized." But many colleges face same dilemma: how to pay for changes with little government help. The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 21, 1997).

I Woodard, Colin. "Worldwide Tuition Increases Send Students Into the Streets." Until now, college in many nations was cheaper than a book in the U.S. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 5, 2000).

I Woodhall, Maureen. "Sharing the Costs of Higher Education: An International Analysis." Educational Record, 72(4), pp. 27-31 (1991).

W Woodhams, Fred. "Education Council Begins a Push to Convince Americans That College Is Affordable." ACE announces College Is Possible. The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 28, 1998).

Wu, Amy. "Scrimping on College Has Its Own Price." New York Times (March 3, 1996).

Wyatt, Edward. "Investors Are Seeing Profits in Nation's Demand for Education." The New York Times (November 4, 1999).

Wyatt, Edward. "N.Y.U., Fearful of Publicity, Cancels Class on Ground Zero." The New York Times (September 22, 2002).

I Xueqin, Jiang. "In China, Student Loans May Be Expanding Societal Gaps They Were Supposed to Close." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 7, 2001).

Yachnin, Jennifer. "Students Who Get Grants Tend to Give More as Alumni, Study Suggests." The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 28, 2000). See also study.

Yankelovich, Daniel. "The New Public Mood and What It Means for Higher Education: A Conversation With Daniel Yankelovich." AAHE Bulletin (June 1993).

Yanikoski, Richard A. "Tuition and Fees." In Values in Conflict: Funding Priorities for Higher Education. 1986 Yearbook of the American Education Finance Association.

Yanikoski, Richard A. and R. Wilson. "Differential Pricing of Undergraduate Education." Journal of Higher Education (Nov/Dec 1984).
Bobst: LB2301.J8

Yarrow, Andrew L. "At U. Conn., Costs Squeeze The Students." The New York Times August 16, 1992.

G, * Yeager, John (ed.). ASHE Reader on Higher Education (2002 edition). Pearson/Prentice Hall (2002).

Young, C.A. "Using the Institutional Budget to Maintain Quality." New Directions for Higher Education, #47, pp. 49-62 (1984).
Bobst: LB2341.L269 1984

Young, K.E. (ed.). Exploring the Case for Low Tuition in Public Higher Education. Iowa City, Ia.: American College Testing Program (1974).
Bobst: LB2342.E97

Zemsky, R. and W.E. Massey. "Cost Containment: Committing to a New Economic Reality." Change magazine, #22 (6), pp. 16-22. (1990).
Bobst: LC2300.C38 Micro V 2-22, 23-

Zimmerman, Dennis. "Federal Family Education Loans: Reduced Costs, Direct Lending, and National Income." CRS Report for Congress. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service (February 22, 1993).

I Zoepf, Katherine. "Across Europe, an Outcry Over Paying for College." The New York Times (February 4, 2004).

W Zook, Jim. "Administration Considers Idea of Limiting U.S. Aid at Colleges Where It Finds Student Charges Too High." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 15, 1993).

Zook, Jim. "Hope Fades for Cutting Reliance on Loans as Chief Component of U.S. Student Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 28, 1992).

Zook, Jim. "National Service Urged as Basis for Awarding of Student Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (December 16, 1992).

Zook, Jim. "Some Lawmakers Wary of Clinton Plan for Direct Loans to Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 12, 1993).

Zook, Jim. "For 1,100 aid Administrators, a Leap of Faith: That many sign up for direct lending, but about five times that number decline to be guinea pigs." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 20, 1993).

Zook, Jim. "Student Aid Overhaul Pressed." The Chronicle of Higher Education (September 28, 1994).

Zook, Jim. "Plan for IRS to Collect Loan Payments Proves Hard to Set Up." The Chronicle of Higher Education (October 19, 1994).

F Zook, Jim. "The End of Interest Subsidies?" The Chronicle of Higher Education (November 23, 1994).

F Zook, Jim. "Clinton Plan to Help Middle Class Pay for College Gets Mixed Reaction; Some See Welcome Relief but Others Fear Consequences for Needy Students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (January 6, 1995).

F Zook, Jim. "Poll Shows Americans Overwhelmingly Back Federal Support for Student Aid." The Chronicle of Higher Education (February 10, 1995).

S Zook, Jim. "Republican Leaders Working on Plan to Shift Student-Aid Control to States." The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 10, 1995).

B Zook, Jim. "Budget Ax Is Overhead." Congress weighs big cuts in funds for education and science programs. The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 19, 1995).

Zucker, Brian. How Floridians Pay for College. Chicago, IL: Human Capital Research Corporation (1994).

Zumeta, William. "State Policies and Private Higher Education: Policies, Correlates and Linkages." NASSGP/NCHELP research report (Summer 1992).

S Zumeta, William. "Meeting the Demand for Higher Education Without Breaking the Bank: A Framework for the Design of State Higher Education Policies for an Era of Increasing Demand." Journal of Higher Education, volume 67, number 4 (July-August 1996). Student Report only (class file).

* Zumeta, William and David W. Breneman, Patrick M. Callan, Joni E. Finney. Financing American Higher Education in the Era of Globalization. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press (2012).

* Zwerling, L. Steven. Second Best: The Crisis of the Community College. New York: McGraw-Hill (1976).
Bobst: LB2328.Z93 c.2

Zwerling, L. Steven. Community College Leaders for the 1990s--The Next Generation. A Report to the Ford Foundation (January 1990).

Zwerling, L. Steven. The Community College and its Critics. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1986). Student Report only (class file).